Fall City, Washington
Fall City: A rare snowy morning in downtown fall city
Fall City: Cherry trees along Fall City's main street from the other end of town
Fall City: Fall in the Fall City
Fall City: Cherry trees along Fall City's main street
- add
your
Submit your own pictures of this place and show them to the world
- OSM Map
- General Map
- Google Map
- MSN Map
Population change since 2000: +21.7%
Males: 1,007 | |
Females: 986 |
Median resident age: | 40.4 years |
Washington median age: | 37.9 years |
Zip codes: 98024.
Fall City: | $113,597 |
WA: | $78,687 |
Estimated per capita income in 2019: $41,174 (it was $25,189 in 2000)
Fall City CDP income, earnings, and wages data
Estimated median house or condo value in 2019: $597,222 (it was $206,600 in 2000)
Fall City: | $597,222 |
WA: | $387,600 |
Mean prices in 2019: all housing units: $752,327; detached houses: $818,092; townhouses or other attached units: $578,853; in 2-unit structures: $623,323; in 3-to-4-unit structures: $394,706; in 5-or-more-unit structures: $519,894; mobile homes: $165,126; occupied boats, rvs, vans, etc.: $711,953
Median gross rent in 2019: $1,325.
(1.2% for White Non-Hispanic residents, 18.3% for Hispanic or Latino residents, 56.4% for other race residents)
Detailed information about poverty and poor residents in Fall City, WA
- 1,78589.6%White alone
- 1145.7%Hispanic
- 512.6%Two or more races
- 191.0%American Indian alone
- 191.0%Asian alone
- 30.2%Black alone
- 20.1%Native Hawaiian and Other
Pacific Islander alone
Races in Fall City detailed stats: ancestries, foreign born residents, place of birth
According to our research of Washington and other state lists, there was 1 registered sex offender living in Fall City, Washington as of February 25, 2021.
The ratio of all residents to sex offenders in Fall City is 2,042 to 1.
The ratio of registered sex offenders to all residents in this city is lower than the state average.

Latest news from Fall City, WA collected exclusively by city-data.com from local newspapers, TV, and radio stations
Ancestries: German (12.6%), European (12.3%), Northern European (6.6%), American (6.1%), English (5.0%), Irish (4.5%).
Current Local Time: PST time zone
Elevation: 90 feet
Land area: 1.31 square miles.
Population density: 1,525 people per square mile (low).

173 residents are foreign born (4.1% Latin America).
This place: | 7.0% |
Washington: | 14.3% |
Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with mortgages in 2019: $7,514 (1.1%)
Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with no mortgage in 2019: $4,959 (1.2%)
Nearest city with pop. 50,000+: Issaquah Plateau, WA (5.9 miles , pop. 50,237).
Nearest city with pop. 200,000+: East Seattle, WA (13.1 miles , pop. 480,100).
Nearest city with pop. 1,000,000+: Los Angeles, CA (950.1 miles
, pop. 3,694,820).
Nearest cities:
Latitude: 47.57 N, Longitude: 121.89 W
Area code: 425


Property values in Fall City, WA
Here: | 4.3% |
Washington: | 5.9% |

- Construction (13.6%)
- Food & beverage stores (10.8%)
- Transportation equipment (8.5%)
- Finance & insurance (6.7%)
- Accommodation & food services (5.7%)
- Educational services (5.5%)
- Health care (5.5%)

- Construction (19.7%)
- Food & beverage stores (16.1%)
- Transportation equipment (7.5%)
- Beverage & tobacco products (7.1%)
- Educational services (4.4%)
- Health care (4.4%)
- Professional & commercial equipment & supplies merchant wholesalers (2.5%)

- Finance & insurance (14.2%)
- Accommodation & food services (10.5%)
- Transportation equipment (9.6%)
- Public administration (7.0%)
- Construction (6.8%)
- Educational services (6.8%)
- Health care (6.8%)

- Other production occupations, including supervisors (7.5%)
- Other management occupations, except farmers and farm managers (5.1%)
- Other office and administrative support workers, including supervisors (5.1%)
- Assemblers and fabricators (4.6%)
- Laborers and material movers, hand (4.4%)
- Secretaries and administrative assistants (4.2%)
- Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers (4.1%)

- Other production occupations, including supervisors (9.0%)
- Assemblers and fabricators (6.5%)
- Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers (6.1%)
- Construction laborers (5.9%)
- Laborers and material movers, hand (5.7%)
- Other management occupations, except farmers and farm managers (5.2%)
- Carpenters (5.0%)

- Other office and administrative support workers, including supervisors (10.7%)
- Secretaries and administrative assistants (8.9%)
- Other production occupations, including supervisors (5.8%)
- Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (4.9%)
- Other management occupations, except farmers and farm managers (4.9%)
- Accountants and auditors (4.7%)
- Customer service representatives (4.4%)
Average climate in Fall City, Washington
Based on data reported by over 4,000 weather stations
|
(lower is better)
Air Quality Index (AQI) level in 2018 was 84.7. This is about average.
City: | 84.7 |
U.S.: | 74.2 |
Carbon Monoxide (CO) [ppm] level in 2018 was 0.213. This is better than average. Closest monitor was 14.5 miles away from the city center.
City: | 0.213 |
U.S.: | 0.267 |
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) [ppb] level in 2018 was 10.6. This is significantly worse than average. Closest monitor was 16.4 miles away from the city center.
City: | 10.6 |
U.S.: | 5.6 |
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) [ppb] level in 2018 was 0.650. This is significantly better than average. Closest monitor was 16.4 miles away from the city center.
City: | 0.650 |
U.S.: | 1.789 |
Ozone [ppb] level in 2018 was 21.1. This is significantly better than average. Closest monitor was 7.8 miles away from the city center.
City: | 21.1 |
U.S.: | 33.3 |
Particulate Matter (PM10) [µg/m3] level in 2007 was 17.4. This is about average. Closest monitor was 19.3 miles away from the city center.
City: | 17.4 |
U.S.: | 19.6 |
Particulate Matter (PM2.5) [µg/m3] level in 2018 was 6.17. This is better than average. Closest monitor was 7.8 miles away from the city center.
City: | 6.17 |
U.S.: | 8.46 |
Lead (Pb) [µg/m3] level in 2001 was 0.00371. This is significantly better than average. Closest monitor was 8.0 miles away from the city center.
City: | 0.00371 |
U.S.: | 0.00984 |
Earthquake activity:
Fall City-area historical earthquake activity is significantly above Washington state average. It is 1319% greater than the overall U.S. average.On 4/13/1949 at 19:55:42, a magnitude 7.0 (7.0 UK, Class: Major, Intensity: VIII - XII) earthquake occurred 35.8 miles away from the city center, causing $80,000,000 total damage
On 2/28/2001 at 18:54:32, a magnitude 6.8 (6.5 MB, 6.6 MS, 6.8 MW, Class: Strong, Intensity: VII - IX) earthquake occurred 46.0 miles away from the city center, causing $2,000,000,000 total damage and $305,000,000 insured losses
On 2/28/2001 at 18:54:32, a magnitude 6.8 (6.8 MD, Depth: 32.2 mi) earthquake occurred 48.5 miles away from Fall City center
On 4/29/1965 at 15:28:43, a magnitude 6.6 (6.6 UK) earthquake occurred 26.8 miles away from the city center, causing $28,000,000 total damage
On 7/3/1999 at 01:43:54, a magnitude 5.8 (5.4 MB, 5.5 MS, 5.8 MW, 5.3 ME, Depth: 25.2 mi, Class: Moderate, Intensity: VI - VII) earthquake occurred 71.9 miles away from Fall City center
On 5/3/1996 at 04:04:22, a magnitude 5.5 (5.2 MB, 5.3 MD, 5.5 ML, Depth: 2.5 mi) earthquake occurred 19.8 miles away from Fall City center
Magnitude types: body-wave magnitude (MB), duration magnitude (MD), energy magnitude (ME), local magnitude (ML), surface-wave magnitude (MS), moment magnitude (MW)
Natural disasters:
The number of natural disasters in King County (30) is a lot greater than the US average (15).Major Disasters (Presidential) Declared: 27
Emergencies Declared: 1
Causes of natural disasters: Floods: 21, Storms: 16, Mudslides: 11, Landslides: 9, Winter Storms: 7, Earthquakes: 2, Heavy Rains: 2, Winds: 2, Hurricane: 1, Snow: 1, Volcanic Eruption: 1, Other: 1 (Note: some incidents may be assigned to more than one category).
Hospitals and medical centers near Fall City:
- NKC SNOQUALMIE RIDGE KIDNEY CENTER (Dialysis Facility, about 3 miles away; SNOQUALMIE, WA)
- MARIANWOOD (Nursing Home, about 7 miles away; ISSAQUAH, WA)
- PROVIDENCE MARIANWOOD (Nursing Home, about 7 miles away; ISSAQUAH, WA)
- ISSAQUAH NURSING AND REHABILITATION CENTER (Nursing Home, about 8 miles away; ISSAQUAH, WA)
- ISSAQUAH VILLA CARE CENTER (Nursing Home, about 8 miles away; ISSAQUAH, WA)
- MOUNT SI TRANSITIONAL HEALTH CENTER (Nursing Home, about 8 miles away; NORTH BEND, WA)
- NORTH BEND NURSING HOME (Nursing Home, about 8 miles away; NORTH BEND, WA)
Airports located in Fall City:
- Fall City Airport (1WA6) (Runways: 1)
Colleges/universities with over 2000 students nearest to Fall City:
- Bellevue College (about 12 miles; Bellevue, WA; Full-time enrollment: 10,940)
- Renton Technical College (about 15 miles; Renton, WA; FT enrollment: 2,549)
- Lake Washington Institute of Technology (about 16 miles; Kirkland, WA; FT enrollment: 2,947)
- Cascadia Community College (about 20 miles; Bothell, WA; FT enrollment: 2,238)
- University of Washington-Bothell Campus (about 20 miles; Bothell, WA; FT enrollment: 3,902)
- Seattle University (about 21 miles; Seattle, WA; FT enrollment: 5,808)
- Seattle Central College (about 21 miles; Seattle, WA; FT enrollment: 5,825)
Public elementary/middle schools in Fall City:
- FALL CITY ELEMENTARY (Location: 33314 SE 42, Grades: KG-5)
- CHIEF KANIM MIDDLE SCHOOL (Location: 32627 SE REDMOND FALL CITY R, Grades: 6-8)
Private elementary/middle school in Fall City:
Points of interest:
Notable location: King County Fire Protection District 27 Fall City Fire Department (A). Display/hide its location on the map
Cemetery: Fall City Cemetery (1). Display/hide its location on the map
Birthplace of: Gibson Bardsley - Soccer player.
Drinking water stations with addresses in Fall City and their reported violations in the past:
AMES LAKE WATER ASSOC INC (Population served: 2,995, Groundwater):Past monitoring violations:KACHESS COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION (Population served: 51, Groundwater):
- 81 regular monitoring violations
Past monitoring violations:
- One routine major monitoring violation
This place: | 2.6 people |
Washington: | 2.5 people |
This place: | 73.6% |
Whole state: | 64.4% |
This place: | 9.7% |
Whole state: | 7.7% |
Likely homosexual households (counted as self-reported same-sex unmarried-partner households)
- Lesbian couples: 1.0% of all households
- Gay men: 0.3% of all households
For population 15 years and over in Fall City:
- Never married: 23.8%
- Now married: 60.6%
- Separated: 0.5%
- Widowed: 6.6%
- Divorced: 8.5%
For population 25 years and over in Fall City:
- High school or higher: 89.0%
- Bachelor's degree or higher: 38.1%
- Graduate or professional degree: 13.6%
- Unemployed: 3.5%
- Mean travel time to work (commute): 24.8 minutes
Here: | 12.0 |
Washington average: | 11.4 |

Graphs represent county-level data. Detailed 2008 Election Results
Religion statistics for Fall City, WA (based on King County data)
Religion | Adherents | Congregations |
---|---|---|
Catholic | 278,340 | 71 |
Evangelical Protestant | 204,523 | 711 |
Other | 119,713 | 329 |
Mainline Protestant | 104,806 | 304 |
Orthodox | 12,257 | 20 |
Black Protestant | 7,030 | 24 |
None | 1,204,580 | - |
Food Environment Statistics:
Here: | 2.37 / 10,000 pop. |
Washington: | 2.06 / 10,000 pop. |
This county: | 0.16 / 10,000 pop. |
Washington: | 0.19 / 10,000 pop. |
King County: | 1.19 / 10,000 pop. |
Washington: | 1.18 / 10,000 pop. |
This county: | 2.16 / 10,000 pop. |
State: | 2.67 / 10,000 pop. |
King County: | 10.95 / 10,000 pop. |
Washington: | 8.26 / 10,000 pop. |
This county: | 6.7% |
Washington: | 7.7% |
King County: | 20.5% |
State: | 25.7% |
King County: | 14.6% |
State: | 13.9% |
Health and Nutrition:
This city: | 45.4% |
Washington: | 49.1% |
This city: | 39.3% |
State: | 45.8% |
This city: | 28.5 |
Washington: | 28.4 |
Fall City: | 24.0% |
State: | 21.4% |
This city: | 10.0% |
Washington: | 10.7% |
Fall City: | 6.8 |
State: | 6.8 |
Here: | 33.4% |
Washington: | 32.6% |
This city: | 50.8% |
Washington: | 55.9% |
Fall City: | 75.4% |
Washington: | 79.0% |
More about Health and Nutrition of Fall City, WA Residents
6.61% of this county's 2016 resident taxpayers lived in other counties in 2015 ($79,392 average adjusted gross income)
Here: | 6.61% |
Washington average: | 7.39% |
0.11% of residents moved from foreign countries ($2,122 average AGI)
King County: 0.11% Washington average: 0.11%
Top counties from which taxpayers relocated into this county between 2015 and 2016:
from Snohomish County, WA | |
from Pierce County, WA | |
from Los Angeles County, CA |
6.25% of this county's 2015 resident taxpayers moved to other counties in 2016 ($79,246 average adjusted gross income)
Here: | 6.25% |
Washington average: | 6.40% |
0.15% of residents moved to foreign countries ($2,693 average AGI)
King County: 0.15% Washington average: 0.13%
Top counties to which taxpayers relocated from this county between 2015 and 2016:
to Snohomish County, WA | |
to Pierce County, WA | |
to Los Angeles County, CA |
Strongest AM radio stations in Fall City:
- KIXI (880 AM; 50 kW; MERCER ISLAND/SEATTL, WA; Owner: BELLEVUE RADIO, INC.)
- KIRO (710 AM; 50 kW; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- KTTH (770 AM; 50 kW; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- KGNW (820 AM; 50 kW; BURIEN-SEATTLE, WA; Owner: INSPIRATION MEDIA, INC.)
- KOMO (1000 AM; 50 kW; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: FISHER BROADCASTING - SEATTLE RADIO, L.L.C.)
- KRKO (1380 AM; 50 kW; EVERETT, WA; Owner: S-R BROADCASTING, CO.)
- KYCW (1090 AM; 50 kW; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: INFINITY RADIO SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS INC.)
- KJR (950 AM; 50 kW; SEATTLE, WA)
- KKNW (1150 AM; 10 kW; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ORCA RADIO, INC.)
- KKOL (1300 AM; 50 kW; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: INSPIRATION MEDIA, INC.)
- KNWX (1210 AM; 28 kW; AUBURN-FEDERAL WAY, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- KRIZ (1420 AM; 10 kW; RENTON, WA; Owner: KRIZ BROADCASTING, INC.)
- KYIZ (1620 AM; 10 kW; RENTON, WA; Owner: KRIZ BROADCASTING, INC.)
Strongest FM radio stations in Fall City:
- KZOK-FM (102.5 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: INFINITY RADIO SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS INC.)
- KMPS-FM (94.1 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: INFINITY RADIO SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS INC.)
- KBKS (106.1 FM; TACOMA, WA; Owner: INFINITY RADIO SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS INC.)
- KING-FM (98.1 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: CLASSIC RADIO, INC.)
- KLSY-FM (92.5 FM; BELLEVUE, WA; Owner: BELLEVUE RADIO INC.)
- KPLU-FM (88.5 FM; TACOMA, WA; Owner: PACIFIC LUTHERAN UNIVERSITY, INC.)
- KWJZ (98.9 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ORCA RADIO, INC.)
- KBSG-FM (97.3 FM; TACOMA, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- KMTT (103.7 FM; TACOMA, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- KNDD (107.7 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- KYPT (96.5 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: INFINITY RADIO SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS INC.)
- KJR-FM (95.7 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ACKERLEY MEDIA GROUP, INC.)
- KUBE (93.3 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ACKERLEY MEDIA GROUP, INC.)
- KPLZ-FM (101.5 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: FISHER BROADCASTING - SEATTLE RADIO, L.L.C.)
- KNHC (89.5 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: SEATTLE PUBLIC SCHOOLS)
- KISW (99.9 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- KQBZ (100.7 FM; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: ENTERCOM SEATTLE LICENSE, LLC)
- K201EX (88.1 FM; GREENWATER, WA; Owner: CALVARY CHAPEL OF TWIN FALLS, INC.)
- KRWM (106.9 FM; BREMERTON, WA; Owner: SEASCAPE RADIO, INC.)
- KCMS (105.3 FM; EDMONDS, WA; Owner: CRISTA MINISTRIES, INC.)
TV broadcast stations around Fall City:
- KHCV (Channel 45; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: NORTH PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL TELEVISION, INC.)
- KWPX (Channel 33; BELLEVUE, WA; Owner: PAXSON COMMUNICATIONS LICENSE COMPANY, LLC)
- KWDK (Channel 56; TACOMA, WA; Owner: PUGET SOUND EDUCATIONAL TV, INC.)
- KSTW (Channel 11; TACOMA, WA; Owner: UPN TELEVISION STATIONS INC.)
- KING-TV (Channel 5; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: KING BROADCASTING COMPANY)
- KTWB-TV (Channel 22; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: TRIBUNE TELEVISION HOLDINGS, INC.)
- K58DP (Channel 58; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: WORD OF GOD FELLOWSHIP, INC.)
- KWOG (Channel 51; BELLEVUE, WA; Owner: AFRICAN-AMERICAN BROADCASTING CO.OF BELLEVUE, INC.)
- KCTS-TV (Channel 9; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: KCTS TELEVISION)
- KOMO-TV (Channel 4; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: FISHER BROADCASTING - SEATTLE TV, L.L.C.)
- KIRO-TV (Channel 7; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: KIRO-TV HOLDINGS, INC.)
- K57HB (Channel 57; EUREKA, CA; Owner: MS COMMUNICATIONS, LLC)
- KONG-TV (Channel 16; EVERETT, WA; Owner: KONG-TV, INC.)
- K68DL (Channel 68; SEATTLE, WA; Owner: THREE ANGELS BROADCASTING NETWORK)
- KCPQ (Channel 13; TACOMA, WA; Owner: TRIBUNE TELEVISION NORTHWEST, INC.)
- K03FA (Channel 3; ISSAQUAH, ETC., WA; Owner: KING CTY. T.V. RECPT. DIST. #2)
- K10LA (Channel 10; ISSAQUAH, ETC., WA; Owner: KING CTY. T.V. RECPT. DIST. #2)
Fall City fatal accident list:
Aug 26, 2007 07:32 PM, Preston Fall City Rd, Lat: 47.561553, Lon: -121.892525, Vehicles: 2, Persons: 2, Fatalities: 1, Drunk persons involved: 1
Mar 30, 2004 10:15 AM, Sr-202, Lat: 47.572453, Lon: -121.904658, Vehicles: 1, Persons: 1, Fatalities: 1
May 2, 2001 09:00 PM, Sr-202, Vehicles: 2, Persons: 2, Fatalities: 1, Drunk persons involved: 1
- National Bridge Inventory (NBI) Statistics
- 18Number of bridges
- 131ft / 40.5mTotal length
- $32,329,000Total costs
- 100,667Total average daily traffic
- 10,984Total average daily truck traffic
- 154,754Total future (year 2033) average daily traffic
- New bridges - historical statistics
- 11930-1939
- 91940-1949
- 21980-1989
- 21990-1999
- 42000-2009
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Aggregated Statistics For Year 2009 (Based on 1 partial tract) | ||
C) Refinancings | ||
---|---|---|
Number | Average Value | |
LOANS ORIGINATED | 6 | $289,467 |
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED | 0 | $0 |
APPLICATIONS DENIED | 2 | $401,155 |
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN | 1 | $477,320 |
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS | 0 | $0 |
Detailed HMDA statistics for the following Tracts: 0326.01
Private Mortgage Insurance Companies Aggregated Statistics For Year 2003 (Based on 1 partial tract) | ||
B) Refinancings | ||
---|---|---|
Number | Average Value | |
LOANS ORIGINATED | 1 | $156,910 |
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED | 0 | $0 |
APPLICATIONS DENIED | 0 | $0 |
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN | 0 | $0 |
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS | 0 | $0 |
Detailed PMIC statistics for the following Tracts: 0326.01
2002 - 2018 National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) incidents
- Fire incident types reported to NFIRS in Fall City, WA
- 13442.7%Structure Fires
- 12740.4%Outside Fires
- 3511.1%Mobile Property/Vehicle Fires
- 185.7%Other
Most common first names in Fall City, WA among deceased individuals | ||
Name | Count | Lived (average) |
---|---|---|
John | 32 | 72.0 years |
Robert | 14 | 72.9 years |
William | 13 | 80.5 years |
Helen | 12 | 83.4 years |
James | 12 | 73.9 years |
Donald | 11 | 74.4 years |
Margaret | 11 | 75.7 years |
Arthur | 9 | 79.4 years |
Dorothy | 9 | 85.6 years |
Mary | 8 | 83.1 years |
Most common last names in Fall City, WA among deceased individuals | ||
Last name | Count | Lived (average) |
---|---|---|
Johnson | 13 | 84.9 years |
Smith | 11 | 72.2 years |
Cowin | 7 | 69.7 years |
Thompson | 6 | 75.8 years |
Anderson | 6 | 71.4 years |
Peterson | 6 | 79.2 years |
Nelson | 5 | 71.6 years |
Moore | 5 | 75.2 years |
Herndon | 5 | 78.0 years |
Larson | 4 | 77.2 years |
- 63.0%Utility gas
- 19.3%Electricity
- 13.0%Wood
- 3.3%Bottled, tank, or LP gas
- 1.4%Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.
- 73.4%Electricity
- 20.1%Utility gas
- 4.2%Bottled, tank, or LP gas
- 2.3%Wood
Fall City compared to Washington state average:
- Median house value above state average.
- Unemployed percentage significantly below state average.
- Black race population percentage significantly below state average.
- Hispanic race population percentage below state average.
- Median age significantly above state average.
- Renting percentage below state average.

|
|
Total of 314 patent applications in 2008-2021.