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From the 2014 American Community Survey (via John Mollenkopf of CUNY):
Among non-Hispanic Blacks in NYC, 38% were foreign born, 17% 2nd generation and 5% 2.5 generation (1 immigrant, 1 native parent), adding up to 59% being immigrant stock (2.5 generation is the closest proxy for mixed AA/West Indian).
So it looks like West Indian blacks outnumber African Americans in NYC.
NYC and Southern New England certainly have the most multi-generational Black immigrant community in the U.S. According to Nancy Foner's work "Islands in the City: West Indian Migration to New York," West Indians accounted for 25% of NYC's Black community by 1920. That's a larger share of the Black population than what exists in most cities today.
That's why it's becoming increasingly difficult to find a Black New Yorker who has no immigrant background. It is especially difficult if you are talking about Black New Yorkers under the age of 40. I would say Spike Lee's generation was probably the last one in NYC where the descendants of American slaves outnumbered immigrant stock.
It does. There's well over 150,000 of them here in the DMV, and more than 10,000 to 15,000 of them are in DC itself. A lot of them here in PG County and Montgomery County too, particularly those of the Igbo ethnicity.
West Indian/African ancestry by metro (% of AA population).
Boston - 198,082 (57.7%)
Miami - 602,150 (51.1%)
New York - 1,189,348 (35.8%)
Washington, DC - 302,438 (20.9%)
Los Angeles - 148,991 (16.9%)
Atlanta - 273,639 (15.9%)
San Francisco - 48,058 (13.6%)
Philadelphia - 132,979 (10.6%)
Houston - 108,686 (10.6%)
Chicago - 101,728 (6.3%)
According to Nancy Foner's work "Islands in the City: West Indian Migration to New York," West Indians accounted for 25% of NYC's Black community by 1920. That's a larger share of the Black population than what exists in most cities today.
Though it probably fell to around 10% by 1960, before increasing again after the 1965 immigration reforms. It likely took another 20 years to rise back to the share that was of West Indian origin during the interwar years. Of course the earlier West Indian population has long been assimilated into the AA community.
Though it probably fell to around 10% by 1960, before increasing again after the 1965 immigration reforms. It likely took another 20 years to rise back to the share that was of West Indian origin during the interwar years. Of course the earlier West Indian population has long been assimilated into the AA community.
There are very few Blacks in other cities that have this type of background.
Quote:
Eric Himpton Holder, Jr. was born in the Bronx, New York, to parents with roots in Barbados. Holder's father, Eric Himpton Holder, Sr. (1905–1970) was born in Saint Joseph, Barbados and arrived in the United States at the age of 11. He later became a real estate broker. His mother, Miriam, was born in New Jersey, while his maternal grandparents were immigrants from Saint Philip, Barbados.
In virtually every other city, save for maybe Boston, the entire Black immigrant population is either recent immigrants or people born to immigrants who came here in the 70s or 80s. You're not going to meet that many US-born people in their 50s and 60s with roots outside of America.
The mayor of Buffalo was born in Queens and is the grandson of Caribbean immigrants.
Quote:
Brown was raised in Hollis, a southeastern neighborhood in New York City's Queens borough, in a double that his family shared with his grandparents, who were immigrants from the Caribbean island of Montserrat. He grew up on 200th Street between 100th and 104th Avenues and has several relatives still in the area. As a Queens resident, he was a New York Mets and New York Knicks fan
Judge Constance Baker Motley, born in 1921, was the daughter of immigrants.
Quote:
Constance Baker was born on September 14, 1921, in New Haven, Connecticut, the ninth of twelve children. Her parents, Rachel Huggins and McCullough Alva Baker, were immigrants from Nevis, in the Caribbean.
Louis Farrakhan, born in 1933, was also the child of immigrants.
Quote:
Farrakhan was born Louis Eugene Wolcott (also mistakenly spelled Walcott) in The Bronx, New York, the younger of two sons of Sarah Mae Manning (January 16, 1900 – November 18, 1988) and Percival Clark, immigrants from the Caribbean islands. His mother was born in Saint Kitts and Nevis. His father was a Jamaican native.
Born in New York City, Guinier is the daughter of a white Jewish mother, Eugenia Paprin, and Ewart Guinier a black Panamanian-born and Jamaican-raised scholar who was one of two blacks admitted to Harvard College in 1929.
Assuming the 59% 1st/2nd generation are 80% Caribbean origin, that's 47% right there. If a quarter of the 3rd generation+ has Caribbean roots, that takes it to 57%. In other words, the proportion of NYC blacks who can trace their ancestry entirely to the US South could be no higher than 35%.
Assuming the 59% 1st/2nd generation are 80% Caribbean origin, that's 47% right there. If a quarter of the 3rd generation+ has Caribbean roots, that takes it to 57%. In other words, the proportion of NYC blacks who can trace their ancestry entirely to the US South could be no higher than 35%.
And that 35% would be disproportionately concentrated among older Blacks. You would be hard-pressed to walk into any classroom in NYC and find a student who can trace his or her ancestry entirely to the U.S.
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