Quote:
Originally Posted by Continuum
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Would you agree the Quran [in part] is inherently violent?
This is made worse because the Quran which is the words of God is immutable.
In addition, the abrogation rule dictate that the very aggressive verses of the Medinian override the Meccan verses where is counts.
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At the moment just addressing the last Paragraph.
I will agree there are many ayyats (lines) that when read as stand alone comments or viewed as commands they are extremely violent.
But, none of them is to be considered a commandment nor should be read alone. Each ayyat has to be taken in the context of the Surah or at least the portion of the Surah that is speaking of the particular topic.
What I see frequently being done by the haters of the Qur'an is they frequently take an ayyat out of context, or worse even truncate the ayyat. They also falsely present the ayyat as if it was a command.
Just as an example I will illustrate with some ayyats the hate sites seem to place emphasis on.
Quran (2:191-193) - "And kill them wherever you find them, and turn them out from where they have turned you out. And Al-Fitnah [disbelief or unrest] is worse than killing...
but if they desist, then lo! Allah is forgiving and merciful. And fight them until there is no more Fitnah [disbelief and worshipping of others along with Allah] and worship is for Allah alone. But if they cease, let there be no transgression except against Az-Zalimun (the polytheists, and wrong-doers, etc.)"
For this and the following replies I am using Assad's translation. While all translations do contain the opinion of the translator I find Assad to be the most accurate in terms of today's English.
For best understanding one should use at least 3 different translations. But for brvityI am using just the one I find to be the most reliable. (I do read Arabic reasonably well)
What I do notice is the hate sites always leave off 190 and 194 which are an integral part of the message
2:190 (Asad) AND FIGHT in God's cause against those who wage war against you, but do not commit aggression-for, verily, God does not love aggressors.
2:191 (Asad) And slay them wherever you may come upon them, and drive them away from wherever they drove you away - for oppression is even worse than killing. And fight not against them near the Inviolable House of Worship unless they fight against you there first; [169] but if they fight against you, slay them: such shall be the recompense of those who deny the truth.
2:192 (Asad) But if they desist-behold, God is much-forgiving, a dispenser of grace.
2:193 (Asad) Hence, fight against them until there is no more oppression and all worship is devoted to God alone; [170] but if they desist, then all hostility shall cease, save against those who [wilfully] do wrong.
2:194 (Asad) Fight during the sacred months if you are attacked: for a violation of sanctity is [subject to the law of] just retribution. Thus, if anyone commits aggression against you, attack him just as he has attacked you - but remain conscious of God, and know that God is with those who are conscious of Him.
This Surah is an invitation to the Divine Guidance and all the stories, incidents etc., revolve round this central theme. As this Surah has particularly been addressed to the Jews, many historical events have been cited from their own traditions to admonish and advise them that their own good lies in accepting the Guidance revealed to the Holy Prophet. They should, therefore, be the first to accept it because it was basically]y the same that was revealed to Prophet Moses (Allah's peace be upon him).
Surah 2 contains 9 different topics. Ayyats 191-193 are a small part of the topic covered in ayyats 153-251
In this portion practical measures have been prescribed to enable the Muslims to discharge the heavy responsibilities of the leadership that had been entrusted to them for the promulgation of Guidance. Salat, Fast, Zakat, Haj and Jihad have been prescribed for the moral training of the Ummat. The Believers have been exhorted to obey authority, to be just, to fulfill pledges, to observe treaties, to spend wealth etc., in the way of Allah. Laws, rules and regulations have been laid down for their organisation, cohesion and conduct of day-to-day life and for the solution of social, economic, political and international problems; on the other hand, drinking, gambling, lending money on interest etc., have been prohibited to keep the Ummat safe from disintegration. In between these, the basic articles of the Faith have been reiterated at suitable places, for these alone can enable and support one to stick to the Guidance.
For a more indepth study see:
Syed Maududi's Commentary for Surah #2
Quran (2:244) - "Then fight in the cause of Allah, and know that Allah Heareth and knoweth all things."
One needs to read it in context for beginners. It is not a stand alone comment. For a minimum read it in the context of the surrounding ayyats
2:242 (Asad) In this way God makes clear unto you His messages, so that you might [learn to] use your reason.
2:243 (Asad) ART THOU NOT aware of those who forsook their homelands in their thousands for fear of death-whereupon God said unto them, "Die," and later brought them back to life Behold, God is indeed limitless in His bounty unto man -but most people are ungrateful.
2:244 (Asad) Fight, then, in God's cause, and know that God is all-hearing, all-knowing.
2:245 (Asad) Who is it that will offer up unto God a goodly loan, which He will amply repay, with manifold increase? For, God takes away, and He gives abundantly; and it is unto Him that you shall be brought back.
2:246 (Asad) Art thou not aware of those elders of the children of Israel , after the time of Moses, how they said unto a prophet of theirs, "Raise up a king for us, [and] we shall fight in God's cause"? Said he: "Would you, perchance, refrain from fighting if fighting is ordained for you?" They answered: "And why should we not fight in God's cause when we and our children have been driven from our homelands?" Yet, when fighting was ordained for them, they did turn back, save for a few of them; but God had full knowledge of the evildoers.
This is just a part of the discourse contained in ayyats 153-251 as the the above relating to 191-193
The next one is also
part of the same discourse.
Quran (2:216) - "Fighting is prescribed for you, and ye dislike it. But it is possible that ye dislike a thing which is good for you, and that ye love a thing which is bad for you. But Allah knoweth, and ye know not."
Again read at least enough to get the context. No ayyat is a stand alone command.
2:214 (Asad) [But] do you think that you could enter para-dise without having suffered like those [believers] who passed away before you? [199] Misfortune and hardship befell them, and so shaken were they that the apostle, and the believers with him, would exclaim, "When will God's succour come?" [200] Oh, verily, God's succour is [always] near!
2:215 (Asad) THEY WILL ASK thee as to what they should spend on others. Say: "Whatever of your wealth you spend shall [first] be for your parents, and for the near of kin, and the orphans, and the needy, and the wayfarer; and whatever good you do, verily, God has full knowledge thereof."
2:216 (Asad) FIGHTING is ordained for you, even though it be hateful to you; but it may well be that you hate a thing the while it is good for you, and it may well be that you love a thing the while it is bad for you: and God knows, whereas you do not know.
2:217 (Asad) They will ask thee about fighting in the sacred month. Say: "Fighting in it is an awesome thing (grave transgression); but turning men away from the path of God and denying Him, and [turning them away from] the Inviolable House of Worship and expelling its people there from - [all this] is yet more awesome (greater transgression) in the sight of God, since oppression is more awesome (greater transgression) than killing." [Your enemies] will not cease to fight against you till they have turned you away from your faith, if they can. But if any of you should turn away from his faith and die as a denier of the truth - these it is whose works will go for nought in this world and in the life to come; and these it is who are destined for the fire, therein to abide.
Quran (3:56) - "As to those who reject faith, I will punish them with terrible agony in this world and in the Hereafter, nor will they have anyone to help."world and in the Hereafter, nor will they have anyone to help."
Again it is not a stand alone comment
3:51 (Asad) "Verily, God is my Sustainer as well as your Sustainer; so worship Him [alone]: this is a straight way."
3:52 (Asad) And when Jesus became aware of their refusal to acknowledge the truth, he asked: "Who will be my helpers in God's cause?" The white-garbed ones replied: "We shall be [thy] helpers [in the cause] of God! We believe in God: and bear thou witness that we have surrendered ourselves unto Him!
3:53 (Asad) O our Sustainer! We believe in what Thou hast bestowed from on high, and we follow this Apostle; make us one, then, with all who bear witness [to the truth]!"
3:54 (Asad) And the unbelievers schemed [against Jesus]; but God brought their scheming to nought: for God is above all schemers.
3:55 (Asad) Lo! God said: "O Jesus! Verily, I shall cause thee to die, and shall exalt thee unto Me, and cleanse thee of [the presence of] those who are bent on denying the truth; and I shall place those who follow thee [far] above those who are bent on denying the truth, unto the Day of Resurrection. In the end, unto Me you all must return, and I shall judge between you with regard to all on which you were wont to differ.
3:56 (Asad) "And as for those who are bent on denying the truth, I shall cause them to suffer a suffering severe in this world and in the life to come, and they shall have none to succour them;
3:57 (Asad) whereas unto those who attain to faith and do good works He will grant their reward in full: for God does not love evildoers."
3:58 (Asad) THIS MESSAGE do We convey unto thee, and this tiding full of wisdom:
Surah 3 consists of 5 different discourses
The second discourse (vv. 33-63) was revealed in 9 A. H. on the occasion of the visit of the deputation from the Christians of Najran.
This discourse is particularly addressed to the Christians and invites them to accept Islam. It clears Jesus and his mother not only from the stigma maliciously set upon them by the Jews, but also refutes the erroneous Christian creed of the Divinity of Jesus which had been formulated because of his miraculous birth. For this purpose the instances of John the Baptist to a barren woman and an extremely aged man and that of Adam without father and mother have been cited to show that there is nothing in the birth of Jesus without a father to entitle him to Divinity.
For a more indepth study see:
Syed Maududi's Commentary for Surah #3