Oregon has high requirements for teachers (much higher than many states). Here are a few of the licenses available:
Initial I Teaching - Apply if you have a bachelor's degree and have completed an approved bachelor's or post-bachelor's teacher education program, but only if you can satisfy ALL other requirements, including measures of subject
mastery, basic skills, civil rights understanding and recent experience.
Initial Teaching - Apply if you cannot satisfy all requirements for the Initial I Teaching License but have a bachelor's degree related to teaching at one or more levels in at least one specialty and have completed an approved teacher education program.
Substitute Teaching - You may apply for a Substitute Teaching License if you have completed a bachelor's degree related to teaching at one or more levels through a regionally accredited college or university and if you have completed an approved teacher education program in any state in an institution approved to prepare teachers or if you have held an unrestricted license for full-time teaching in any state. The Substitute Teaching License is valid at any level for replacing in any specialty a teacher who is temporarily unable to work.
Look at the TSPC website:
Teacher Standards and Practices Commission
I believe Oregon now requires teachers to have master's. Almost every teaching program in the state has young, recent graduates rolling out with master's and their credentials. In many places it is very difficult to get hired. In cities like Eugene, there are three teaching colleges, so if you do not have a master's, you will have a hard time getting hired. Plus, if you want to sub, again you are competing with young teachers that may have more connections than yourself and again have master's. Portland is a little different as it has more population. However, it can be difficult getting hired in nice, stable schools that 90% of teachers want to work at. As in most large cities, schools with lower socio-economic statuses have a higher burn out rate, and may seem like they need more teachers more regularly, but keep in mind, those Oregon teaching graduates are more than likely at the top of the list (unless one has a lot of experience).
As far as testing, it depends on what grade you want to teach. If you want elementary, you will take the ORELA (which replaced the MSAT) and the CBEST (or some other basic skills test). If you want to teach middle/high school, you'll take the PRAXIS tests I believe.
Each teaching program requires different things. Go to the school websites and find out what those are. Just make sure you don't go to Oregon State, Ducks are better.
Good Luck and I hope this helps a wee bit.