I wonder if some inconsistencies between countries (like the famous US sun hours example) can be explained by different measuring methods / instruments.
Here is a list of sensors used by the German Weather Service:
So a platinum resistance thermometer, Ott Pluvio and Siggelkow SONIe are the "main" parameter instruments.
For example, I've read that Ott Pluvio measured slightly more precipitation than another instrument (
http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wrir034167/wrir034167.pdf).