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The very hottest temperatures worldwide tend to occur at moderate latitudes at the height of summer. For example, Death Valley's record temperature of 57C on July 10, 1913 occurred with a day length of 14:30.
What are some examples of hot weather occurring on days that are either substantially shorter (necessarily in the shorter/"winter" part of the year) or substantially longer than this (necessarily at higher latitudes)?
I'm thinking that Death Valley is also a good contender for many of the former records, at 36N with the potential for hot winter weather. It's had record highs of 37C in November and 32C in December, and it has day lengths of 9:40 at the winter solstice.
Mecca also seems like a good candidate, at least as far as averages go. It has average highs of 32C in December with winter solstice day lengths of 10:50. Death Valley reaches that day length in late October, in which it's a close call as to which is the hotter place - Death Valley has the higher record highs, but Mecca has higher average lows.
Bermuda has consistently warm Decembers at 32N (10:00 day length at the solstice), though it's never hot.
For the very longest days with record heat, it's surely somewhere near the Arctic Circle in Siberia, that can get up to 24 hours of daylight but also hot weather. Verkhoyansk (one of the "pole of cold" towns) has a record high of 37C and midnight sun until July 15 (although its record high occurred a little later than that)
For very hot days with fairly long day lengths, it's probably Turpan, China. At 43N, day lengths exceed 15 hours in the summer, but average highs are nearly 40C and record highs nearly 50C.
Spearfish, South Dakota recorded a temperature of 26.1°C on 19 January 1921 at 44°N. Day length is 9:20 and max sun altitude is just 25°.
Nice find. There are probably a lot of similar records for places that get foehn winds. For higher latitudes, maybe somewhere in Alberta? Fort McMurray at 56N can get fairly mild (though not warm) in winter. (Though it's likely beaten by highly Gulf Stream influenced places like Bergen, Norway, which has recorded 17C in January at 60N).
Nice find. There are probably a lot of similar records for places that get foehn winds. For higher latitudes, maybe somewhere in Alberta? Fort McMurray at 56N can get fairly mild (though not warm) in winter. (Though it's likely beaten by highly Gulf Stream influenced places like Bergen, Norway, which has recorded 17C in January at 60N).
Achnagart in Western Scotland recorded 17.2°C at 6 AM on 17 December 2015. At the time it was warmer than even the Canary islands. It's at 57°N so the sun angle on this date is just 9.5°, with a day length of 6:41.
Achnagart in Western Scotland recorded 17.2°C at 6 AM on 17 December 2015. At the time it was warmer than even the Canary islands. It's at 57°N so the sun angle on this date is just 9.5°, with a day length of 6:41.
Pretty amazing that this temperature was at 6 AM, which would normally be the coldest time of the day.
Norway:
18.3°C at Sunndalsøra on Dec 1th 1998. That is at 62°40' N.
Tafjord (62°18'N) has recorded 17.9°C in January.
Looking inside the Arctic Circle, Glomfjord has recorded 15.2°C on January 18th 1995. That is at 66°49' N.
Glomfjord has also recorded 15.1°C in December.
While not as impressive as warm weather in Arctic Scandinavia in polar night, it rained at Alert, Nunavut (82.5N) on January 23, 1958. The peak sun angle that day was -12 degrees, as it has 24 hour darkness in January. Except for that one day, the latest rain in fall was September 19 and the earliest in spring May 29. Rain is rare outside of June, July, and August there since it's so cold.
Daily data link. Rain was recorded at 10pm on the 23rd and 1am on the 24th, the hottest January temperature ever was that day, 0.0C at 4am and 1pm on the 24th.
As for Scotland, Aboyne had warmer high temperatures in March 2012 than June.
March 2012 - 14.2C (+5.2C), 4 days above 20C
June 2012 - 14.0C (-3.1C), 0 days above 20C
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Los Angeles has a record high of 34.4°C (at LAX airport) on December 3rd, 1958.
34°N latitude with a 10:01 day December 3rd (6:42am/4:43pm)
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