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In terms of referring to "tiers" I often see tiers including more than 3 items.
One thing that needs to be clarified in the discussions regarding diversity includes distinction between made in terms of diversity of ethnicities (e.g. they could be US, Canadian or UK citizens, but of vary ethnicities) vs. mulitnationals livings in say New York or London where there are US or UK citizens of varying background, but also multinational (non-US or non-UK citizens who are posted in New York or London for work, but may also reside in other cities outside of New York or London). In that respect, I believe New York and London are a bit above Toronto as I believe they also have higher degree of multinationals than Toronto given that New York and London are rated as an "Alpha ++ World City" while Toronto is listed as an "Alpha + World City" (in part, I believe there are a higher degree of multinationals in New York and London). See: Alpha, Beta and Gamma cities (updated 2015) – Spotted by Locals
Well yes it is true, that London and NYC are worlds financial centres so there are many people living there for few months in year also the whole UN thing and being important capital city for London.
Toronto is not up there in prestige, worldwide fame and status and never will be there.
After all NYC and London are the 2 only Alpha++ cities for a reason.
Well yes it is true, that London and NYC are worlds financial centres so there are many people living there for few months in year also the whole UN thing and being important capital city for London.
Toronto is not up there in prestige, worldwide fame and status and never will be there.
After all NYC and London are the 2 only Alpha++ cities for a reason.
In terms of referring to "tiers" I often see tiers including more than 3 items.
One thing that needs to be clarified in the discussions regarding diversity includes distinction between made in terms of diversity of ethnicities (e.g. they could be US, Canadian or UK citizens, but of vary ethnicities) vs. mulitnationals livings in say New York or London where there are US or UK citizens of varying background, but also multinational (non-US or non-UK citizens who are posted in New York or London for work, but may also reside in other cities outside of New York or London). In that respect, I believe New York and London are a bit above Toronto as I believe they also have higher degree of multinationals than Toronto given that New York and London are rated as an "Alpha ++ World City" while Toronto is listed as an "Alpha + World City" (in part, I believe there are a higher degree of multinationals in New York and London). See: Alpha, Beta and Gamma cities (updated 2015) – Spotted by Locals
Toronto is an Alpha city, not Alpha+
Alpha + are Beijing, Dubai, Hong Kong, Paris, Shanghai, Singapore, Sydney, Tokyo
Quick overview of the situation in Helsinki in 2015 by the region of origin estimated by language. Note that all registered as Swedish-speaking are not included, as it is a domestic language.
Former Soviet Union: 17,761
Western Europe + Americas: 14,191
Asia excl. Middle East: 12,828
Baltic States: 12,131
Sub-Saharan Africa: 10,594
North Africa and Middle East: 10,507
Eastern Europe: 4,205
Various other: 1,332
Total: 83,549 = 13.5% of total population.
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