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Brake dust will make brakes squeal but it could be worn disk pads.
More than likely it's this ^^^go to the brake shop and have them pull the wheels and drum and inspect them. They usually do this for free. If dusty they'll blow them off and clean them. If pads are worn then they need replacing.
Remember safety first.
Your brakes typically wear out when you're braking from forward motion. Because of this, your pads get pulled as they wear in a certain direction, think like dragging an eraser along a piece of paper. The long term effect is more surface area in one direction over another, just like if you dragged an eraser in one direction all the time - one side wears out faster than the other.
Its hard to see at a normal level, but look at this picture and you can see the leading edge is worn out while there is still some pad left on the back:
For people who track their cars and go through a whole set of pads in a weekend, its easier to spot, and they will typically flip their pads to double the life of them - very similar to rotating your tires to even the wear.
At any rate, when you back up in the morning, you are going against the grain, so there is less drag and more stutter that manifests as squeal. As well, when everything is cold, its more likely to chatter. There could also be moisture on the rotors and pads that causes noise.
If it was dust or bad shims, your brakes would be more likely to squeal all the time, but they could certainly be contributing to the noise. pads can also crack and cause squealing.
There's nothing wrong with your brakes, but putting new pads on, and seating them properly, will likely resolve the issue.
One thing to think about though - brake pads and rotors are designed and matched to work together - you need to ensure you use the proper types so one material doesn't destroy the other too quickly. If you buy an aggressive pad but not a harder rotor, you can end up chewing through the rotor with the harder pads.
Rust from moisture in the night cool air. You scrub off that thin layer of rust first time you brake getting a squeal then it's done.
Yes, the problem could be the result of worn brake pads, but the most likely explanation--in view of the fact that the problem goes away for the rest of the day--is that you are simply hearing the effects of some surface rust that builds up on the rotors overnight, and is worn away after the first one or two brake applications.
I am willing to bet that you don't live in the desert!
This is a very common thing and doesnt mean your brakes are worn out. However you should have your brakes checked to see if it is time for new pads.
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