Quote:
Originally Posted by Pub-911
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Business strike coins are the "ordinary" coins mass produced to normal standards. Almost all of these are distributed to banks for general circulation. A small number are sold to collectors at a modest premium in annual "Mint Sets".
On the other hand, "proof" coins are specially made, to higher quality standards - usually highly polished and very shiny - specifically for collectors, and also are sold at a premium above face value. With the new Lincoln cent introduced in 1909, came a new type of proof coin, the so-called "matte" proof (popular in Europe at the time and also used in Canada) which was less shiny and more grainy. Until 1916, collectors could order them individually from the U.S. Mint.
Due to declining demand - the matte proof method was not popular with collectors at the time - production of proof coins was discontinued after 1916.
In 1936, production of proof coins was resumed - again, coins were available individually - and again suspended after 1942 due to wartime constraints. (Unlike in 1916, proof coins were becoming
more popular in 1942.) In 1965-67, due to a supposed shortage of circulating coin, no proof sets were issued; instead, so-called Special Mint Sets were produced for collectors.