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If you go the route a couple of Posters mentioned---Royal Poinciana, just remember that tree gets huge-like the oaks. It is stunning if you have the space.
And if you like it, consider Jacaranda or many of the Cassia species. But as Gemstone mentioned, Poincianas shed pods.
So do Cassia. Jacaranda has an odd looking seed pod, and I'm not sure if they shed them or not. My Jacarandas are too young to create a lot of seed pods, and I pick them before they might have a chance to drop off. But they are gorgeous.
There are two species of Jacaranda grown for shade tree. J. Mimosifolia is the one we have. The flowers are larger. I don't know which ones the local nurseries carry, as we grow ours from seed---a fast grower.
Jacaranda FYI:
"Jacarandas are “briefly deciduous” in southern Florida, according to the University of Florida Extension Service in Lee County. They are evergreen in only the warmest, wettest areas. Cold weather or dry periods cause their airy, fernlike leaves to drop. Regular irrigation can help deter leaf loss from dryness.
Characteristics and Culture
Fast-growing trees that reach 45 feet tall and wide, jacarandas produce lavender-blue flower panicles in late spring and early summer followed by tan seed capsules. The trees are drought-tolerant once established and require fast-draining soil to avoid root rot. Plant jacarandas in sites that receive full-sun exposure. Placing them in a lawn is wise because besides leaves they drop many flower petals, which are slippery on walkways and driveways. Each young jacaranda tree needs careful pruning to develop a main leader or stem and an attractive shape".
It is best to plan out what you are going to do. If you are going to put in a pool, only use smaller trees or palms in the backyard. Otherwise you will end up removing them later, putting up a screen over the pool or losing all of your sun.
Live oak make the very best shade trees but they get large, very large.
Mahogany make the second best shade tree and get taller than the oaks but not as wide.
Paradise Tree is a good, slow growing shade tree. It has staining fruit so be careful about parking under it.
Green Buttonwood gets really gnarly looking bark.
Silver buttonwood gets the gnarly bark, is smaller and has silver leaves.
Pigeon Plum is a small to medium upright growing tree.
Dahoon Holly is too.
Podocarpus, usually used as hedges, makes a great medium size tree, both the regular and the weeping variety (P. gracilior)
Some flowering trees to consider:
Pink Tab, Yellow Tab, Purple Tab (Tabebuia)
Instead of the Poinciana, look for a Colville's Glory tree. Similar look but more upright not spreading.
Don't forget palms! There are over 2600 species and most of them will grow very well for you. Everything from something a few inches tall to something that gets huge.
Go visit the Naples botanical gardens to get ideas.
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