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What degree of likely kinship does the match show? "Possible third to distant cousin" is useless to establish a relationship unless you share a Y chromosome or at least metachondrial DNA. With the subject being female, she would have to have a male sibling tested for the Y chromosome.
Sharing Y or mtDNA isn't really useful either. At 23andMe, all that means is you share a haplogroup, and that generally means sharing an ancestor from thousands of years ago. Even if you take a full sequence mtDNA test and get an exact match, your shared ancestor could be from about 500 hundred years ago with no way of determining whether they are closer or not. A Y test holds more potential to have useful matches, but it's still not assured.
Autosomal DNA matches are actually more likely to be more closely related, and someone sharing 9 cM isn't necessarily "useless". They have a high likelihood of being identical by descent (80%), and as long as they have an accurate tree to work with, and especially if you can triangulate them with other matches (not closely related to each other) with the same ancestor, you can frequently determine a shared ancestry and therefore your relationship. The problem is that the OP is heavily relying on the ethnicity report to guide them, and that's more than likely going to lead down a rabbit hole.
And there is no such thing as uniquely Spanish DNA.
That's funny. 23andme declared a large chunk of my autosomal DNA as directly Spanish/Portuguese. Then there is a bunch of other origins and more general DNA among, in this case, Europeans. In all likelyhood much of the general is Spanish too, but its such a widespread DNA among Europeans that they can't pinpoint a more precise region of its origin, but as previously said its probably mostly Spanish too.
That's funny. 23andme declared a large chunk of my autosomal DNA as directly Spanish/Portuguese. Then there is a bunch of other origins and more general DNA among, in this case, Europeans. In all likelyhood much of the general is Spanish too, but its such a widespread DNA among Europeans that they can't pinpoint a more precise region of its origin, but as previously said its probably mostly Spanish too.
The Spanish samples are the upside down yellow/orange icons (the yellow/orange blob center bottom). There's a few samples straying from the main cluster that don't have any overlap with other samples, but the majority have strong genetic overlap with France, Basque, Portugal, and other neighboring regions (possibly Italy and even Switzerland, though it's really not easy to read). So the vast majority of Spanish samples aren't genetically unique.
8,9,12 cm, that background noise, dont even bother looking t it till 167cm
It's funny how DNA can be distributed, because I have found DNA matches who share as little as 45cm verified as 3rd and 4th cousins through 2x or 3x great-grandparents. A 2C(no generation gap) is 229cm on average, but can range 41-592cm; a 3C(no generation gap) is 73cm on average, but can range 0-234cm. https://dnapainter.com/tools/sharedcmv4
Last edited by Chicagoland60426; 11-07-2020 at 04:02 PM..
8,9,12 cm, that background noise, dont even bother looking t it till 167cm
With matches? That's not true at all. Segments that are 15+ cM have a 100% chance of being identical by descent. 12 cM segments have a 97% chance of being identical by descent. I already mentioned 9 cM segments have an 80% chance, and 8 cM have a 62% chance. https://isogg.org/wiki/Identical_by_...sitive_matches
When it comes to ethnicity, it's different - but 23andMe doesn't report the segment length of each ethnicity. The OP's mention of cM's was in reference to DNA matches. The Chromosome Painting tool does show how 23andMe has classed different segments, but it doesn't reveal the exact length.
Not all "mixed race" relationships were due to rape or slavery. Some of them were actually consensual, even if feelings of love or affection were not present. Some found this type of relationship to be equally beneficial, for a multitude of reasons. I just really dislike making assumptions about how or why an ancestor ended up in a mixed-race relationship. We strip them of emotion, feelings and humanity when we do this.
Not all "mixed race" relationships were due to rape or slavery. Some of them were actually consensual, even if feelings of love or affection were not present. Some found this type of relationship to be equally beneficial, for a multitude of reasons. I just really dislike making assumptions about how or why an ancestor ended up in a mixed-race relationship. We strip them of emotion, feelings and humanity when we do this.
There are many other factors too. For example, if most of the population is of mixed race, then most should be assumed to not be from rape. Case in point, Africsn slaves tended to be used in most American societies. In some cases, like the USA, it continue well after the fountry was established while in others, like Panama, the country was established well after slavery was outlawed. Whether a country was tolerant of slavery or not, mixed race people emerged in all of them, in this case European-African types. Yet, despite it was a reality just about everywhere, its no secret that thry are a small minority in some while a large majority in others. Its basicalky impossible that most of the mixed race in mixed race majority countries to be from rape during slavery. However, in countries with small amounts of the mixed rape type, the origin of rape takes a larger share of the population.
Other factors, and this does influence on the size of the mixed race, is if a society was more like USA's where racial mixture and miscegination was prohibited even by law in many places. In a society like that there's going to be an bigger share of rape origin among the mixed race vs societies where miscegination didn't received a societal and/or legal dissapproval.
Another thing that also influences is current attitudes towards racial mixtures and miscegination. In a country like the USA most people tend to pair up with others of their "same race," but mixed races are more than ever. This is due to the fact that its no longer illegal in many places and social mores have evolved that more people don't think anything negative of a mixed marriage. This also means that more people don't think that mixed race people would be 'confused' about their identity, which is largely a myth based on maintaining the anti-miscegination attitude so present in the USA for so long. Since social mores are increasingly different, as time passes their will be more mixed race individuals that don't have anything to do with rape or even slavery. In fact, most mixed race today probably have more of them that is nased on non-rapes from slavery times to consensual unions in post-slavery and post-Jim Crow laws time.
There are probably additional factors too. Reality isn't as clear cut as black and white. There are many shades of gray inbetween that can't be ignored.
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