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I thought I deleted my post on discovery of the many different looking nerefetis,oh well all the Egyptians look blacker than me and im almost 40 percent black,they all look like mixed Eritreans.
The ancient Egyptians are 90% genetically identical to moderns, except that we know from the Dakleh Oasis study that they are a bit darker today due to the Arab slave trade.
Ancient Egyptians were a broad mix of North Africans with back-migrated Eurasians, but even the North African does not mean "black," because black people evolve in a tropical climate, and North Africa is not tropical.
What the Egyptians were/are is complicated, but genotypically, they are extremely diverse, and phenotypically, they are only "black" in the exception.
Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Diversity in a Sedentary Population from Egypt
A. Stevanovitch http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...3.00057.x/full Mitochondrial genetic data from North Africa are documented by two groups ofpopulations: one composed of populations of the Nile Valley, and the other bypopulations of the Maghreb. The Nile Valley has been shown to be a migrationcorridor with populations connected by gene flow (Krings et al. 1999), and phylogeographicalanalysis of mitochondrial lineages of populations from the Maghreb suggeststhat modern humans appeared from the Near East following at least twomigrations around 50 000 years and 10 000 years ago. A possible migration fromEurope may also have occurred during the Neolithic period (Macaulay et al. 1999).
Populationhistory of north Africa: evidence from classical genetic markers.- Bosch Population history of North Africa: Evidence from classical genetic markers
...moreover,Libya and Egypt show the smallest genetic distances with the Europeanpopulations, includingthe Iberian Peninsula. The most plausible interpretation of these results isthat, although demic diffusion during the Neolithic could explain the geneticsimilarity between northeast Africa and Europe by a parallel process ofgene flow from the Near East, a Mesolithic (or older) differentiation of thepopulations in the northwestern regions with later limited gene flow is neededto understand the genetic picture. The most isolated groups (Mauritanians,Tuaregs, and south Algerian Berbers) were the most differentiated and, althoughno clear structure can be discerned among the different Arab- andBerber-speaking groups, Arab speakers as a whole are closer to Egyptians andLibyans. By contrast, the genetic contribution of sub-Saharan Africa appearsto be small.
TheLevant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of HumanMigrations
JR LUIS The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of Human Migrations
"Paleoanthropologicalevidence indicates that both the Levantine corridor and the Horn of Africaserved, repeatedly, as migratory corridors between Africa and Eurasia. We havebegun investigating the roles of these passageways in bidirectional migrationsof anatomically modern humans...Omanand Egypt’s NRY frequency distributions appear to be much more similar to thoseof the Middle East than to any sub-Saharan African population, suggesting amuch larger Eurasian genetic component"
"Syntheticmaps of Africa".The History and Geography of Human Genes. Cavalli-Sforza. The History and Geography of Human Genes - Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Paolo Menozzi, Alberto Piazza - Google Books The gradient is clearly rooted in the relatively ancient presence ofCaucasoids in a Northern strip along the Mediterranean and in additions fromWest Asia, which are visible in the second and third components....the C geneshows a clear North-South gradient, being frequent amongst Caucasoids andalmost absent in sub-Sahara Africa. THERE ARE PEAKS IN EGYPT AND INNORTHWESTERN AFRICA
GenomicAncestry of North Africans Supports Back-to-Africa Migrations
Henn PLOS Genetics: Genomic Ancestry of North Africans Supports Back-to-Africa Migrations
The indigenous North African ancestry is more frequent in populations withhistorical Berber ethnicity. In mostNorth African populations we also see substantial shared ancestry with the NearEast, and to a lesser extent sub-Saharan Africa and Europe.
Y-chromosomeanalysis in Egypt suggests a genetic regional continuity in northeastern Africa
[SIZE=3][/SIZE]Manni Y-chromosome analysis in Egypt suggests a genetic regional continuity in Northeastern Africa. - PubMed - NCBI "In conclusion, our analyses have identified a genetic regionalcontinuity between the northeastern part of Africa (Egypt), the Middle East,and southern Europe. In agreement with the ethnohistorical connections betweenNE Africa and the Middle East, the genetic data confirm that Egypt, occupyingan intermediate position along these routes, has been an important contact zonebetween the three continents."
NorthAfrican Populations Carry the Signature of Admixture with Neandertals Federico Sánchez-Quinto http://www.plosone.org/article/info:...l.pone.0047765 The results of the f4 ancestry ratio test (Table 2 and Table S1) show that NorthAfrican populations vary in the percentage of Neandertal inferred admixture,primarily depending on the amount of European or Near Eastern ancestry theypresent (Table 1). Populations like NorthMorocco and Egypt, with the highest European and Near Eastern component (~40%),have also the highest amount of Neandertal ancestry (~60–70%)....Furthermore,the Neandertal's genetic signal is higher in populations with a local,pre-Neolithic North African ancestry. Therefore, the detected ancient admixtureis not due to recent Near Eastern or European migrations.
Geneticvariation of 15 autosomal STR loci in Upper (Southern) Egyptians, Omranet al 2008. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j...57155469,d.eW0 Local comparisons between Upper Egyptians werecarried out with other ethnic groups in Egypt, based on frequency and moleculardata...TheUpper Egyptian population is closer to the Middle Eastern, North African, SouthAsian and European populations than others.
A Predominantly Neolithic Origin for Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in NorthAfrica A Predominantly Neolithic Origin for Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in North Africa ARREDI Et. Al Thus, we propose that the Neolithic transitionin this part of the world was accompanied by demic diffusion ofAfro-Asiatic–speaking pastoralists from the Middle East. MitochondrialDNA transit between West Asia and North Africa inferred from U6 phylogeography
Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape
Bekada 2013 ......From the beginning, a prominent mtDNAEuroasiatic genetic component was observed in the Northern areas occupied byMorocco [5] and Egypt [6], with gradual sub-Saharan Africaninfluences moving southwards to the Western Sahara and Mauritania, or to Nubiaand the Sudan respectively
[www(Thebiomedical scientists November 2003). cs.oswego.edu/~schofield/news/nefertiti.pdf
n the case of the skull believed by anumber of experts to be Nefertiti, digital X-rays gave Evison and Schofield animage of the skull inside of the mummy...this particular skull could beclassified as Indo-European.
The Iberomaurusian enigma: north African progenitor or dead end?[/SIZE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11006048
(IRISH 2000)
Hierakonpolis inhabitants appear to beuniform in cranial size and form and 2) they show some resemblance to otherpost-Pleistocene populations of North Africa, as well as Europe and West Asia. They appear distinctfrom post-Pleistocene sub-Saharan Africans.
Clines and clusters versus “Race:” a test in ancient Egypt and the case of a death on the Nile http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/ajpa.1330360603
(Brace, 1993) ...We conclude thatthe Egyptians have been in place since back in the Pleistocene and have beenlargely unaffected by either invasions or migrations. As others have noted,Egyptians are Egyptians, and they were so in the past as well."
The questionable contribution of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age toEuropean craniofacial form The questionable contribution of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age to European craniofacial form BRACE
Thisplacement suggests that there may have been a Sub-Saharan Africanelement in the make-up of the Natufians (the putative ancestors of thesubsequent Neolithic), although in this particular test there is no suchevident presence in the North African or Egyptian samples.
Whowere the ancient Egyptians? Dental affinities among Neolithic throughpostdynastic peoples Who were the ancient Egyptians? Dental affinities among Neolithic through postdynastic peoples. - PubMed - NCBI
JDIRISH 2006
Specifically, affinities among the 15 time-successive samples suggestthat: 1) there may be a connection between Neolithic and subsequent predynasticEgyptians, 2) predynastic Badarian and Naqada peoples may be closely related,3) the dynastic period is likely an indigenous continuation of the Naqadaculture, 4) there is support for overall biological uniformity through thedynastic period, and 5) this uniformity may continue into postdynastic times.
STUDIES SHOWING THAT SUB SAHRAN AFRICA DNA- NOTEURASIAN- HAS INCREASED IN MODERN TIMES- SOME ALSO CONTAIN DATA ON EURASIAN DNA
Researchon ancient DNA in the Near East Mateusz Baca Research on ancient DNA in the Near East | Martyna Molak - Academia.edu Basedon an increased frequency of HpaI 3592 (+) haplotypes in the contemporaryDakhlehian population, the authors suggested that, since Roman times, geneflow from the Sub-Saharan region has affected gene frequencies of individualsfrom the oasis
mtDNAAnalysis of Nile River Valley Populations: A Genetic Corridor or a Barrier toMigration? Krings mtDNA analysis of Nile River Valley populations: A genetic corridor or a barrier to migration? - PubMed - NCBI Weconclude that these migrations probably occurred within the past few hundred tofew thousand years and that the migration from north to south was eitherearlier or lesser in the extent of gene flow than the migration from south to north.
Mitochondrial DNA is irrelevant,autosomal dna is all that matters and would certainly prove them mixed,my mtdna (Mitochondrial) is 100 percent Mozambican (african) do I look african to you.im autosomally almost 60 percent european.
The civilised world is not of much interest to me so whether they were mixed race or not,who cares really.
Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza From 1994,seriously.
Last edited by Katiethegreat; 04-02-2016 at 05:25 PM..
Mitochondrial DNA is not irrelevant. It is a small percentage of DNA but as a unique genentic marker it punches above its weight in the story it tells.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Katiethegreat
autosomal dna is all that matters
Automsomal DNA is best but the technology to do it is more recent.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Katiethegreat
and would certainly prove them mixed,
Sure, heavily North African, Middle Eastern, and Euroepean with a much smaller sub Saharan component.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Katiethegreat
my mtdna (Mitochondrial) is 100 percent Mozambican (african) do I look african to you.im autosomally almost 60 percent european.
Not sure what your point is here but it is interesting that a LOT of people on these kinds of threads are mostly interested in themselves. I am interested in history.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Katiethegreat
The civilised world is not of much interest to me
????????? You are not civilzed?
Quote:
Originally Posted by Katiethegreat
so whether they were mixed race or not,who cares really.
You do, that is why you are on a this thread.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Katiethegreat
Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza From 1994,seriously.
Supported by everything else cited. You cherry picked what you though you can punch a hole in, but the point is that the studies tell a very consistent story.
In any event, we got of on a tangent but the final word is still that Cleo had a strinkingly mediterraean apperance, which make sense, since as far as anyone knows she ws overwhelmingly Greek with just a bit of Persian:
Here's some more of those White Egyptians having a dance they even have those bottles and cups on their heads that Eritreans to this day still walk around and dance with.
Heheheh.
Here's some more of those White Egyptians having a dance they even have those bottles and cups on their heads that Eritreans to this day still walk around and dance with.
No one said they were all white, just that Cleo was Greek and Nefertiti was from a red headed family. Sure, some random dancers might be black.
Or not. They could be Nubians. And some paint that the Egytpians used darkens over time.
Malcolm X was mixed race, as are most American blacks.
Red hair only occurs in unmixed Africans as a form of albinism.
It is almost comical when some guy like yourself comes in and declares some nonsense without even understanding the rules of puncutation.
howest2008
African American Are just as mixed as the Egyptians were
and Malcolm X was Classified as an Black African American MAN by the USA Government and Not A Mixed MAN, and farther More remember this one last Bit of advice puncutation and proper ENGLISH doesn't trump the truth.
Last edited by Howest2008; 04-02-2016 at 06:55 PM..
Malcolm X was mixed race, as are most American blacks.
Red hair only occurs in unmixed Africans as a form of albinism.
It is almost comical when some guy like yourself comes in and declares some nonsense without even understanding the rules of puncutation.
howest2008
African American Are just as mixed as the Egyptians were
and Malcolm X was Classified as an Black African American MAN by the USA Government and Not A Mixed MAN, and farther More remember this one last Bit of advice puncutation and proper ENGLISH doesn't trump the truth.
Of all of the idiotic things on this thread, this takes the cake. Congratulations.
The point is that the red hair in Seti and the others comes from Eurasian mix, AS IT DOES IN MALCOM X.
It doesn't matter what he is "classified" as in America. We are not talking aobut America.
His hair was not really red, but red tinted. Ramesses was full blown red BECAUSE OF HIS EURASIAN ADMIXTURE.
This idiotic thread has gone on far too long while you threw veiled racial barbs at each other. I hate seeing people try to use the History forum to post their covert racial remarks.
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