I recently started a thread about this very topic and also did my own research. What I learned is that they are NOT the same.
If you buy a row house, you own the land below it and also the roof. They are your responsibility to maintain just like a single family home. Sometimes but not often, the land is leased so you pay rent on the land but own the house. There is usually no HOA.
With a townhouse you own nothing but the space inside the walls. The roof is one continuous structure and you do not own the land the house sits on. Townhouses always have an HOA.
//www.city-data.com/forum/house...ey-same-4.html
From the previous thread on this subject
"town house have common walls, common roofs and common areas. only the inside of your unit is yours.
row house, only the common wall is shared. the land it is built on, the front yard, back yard, space above it is yours. so you can demolish your row house and build another in its place.
for townhouse, you can not do that"
When listed for sale, a townhouse has it's own category. A row house is listed as a single family home, not a townhouse.