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Faster to import from existing than restart mothballed mines?
or played out. of my own '4 corners' the german corner crawled out of prussian mines, rode oxen down to rotterdam, got on a boat for the US, got off, went to clearfield PA and immediately went to work in mines or for the PRR. this was c. 1856
130 years later europe for the most part was environmentally ruined with open flowing sewage and no drinking water...I would think diggin more stuff there is off the plate.
of the 6 nukes germany had, 3 were shut down and 3 were supposed to go down this fall. I think that has been rethunk...
the writing was on the wall....germany and holland had large offshore windfarms and they return a small fraction of installed capacity...but the greens are in power in the EU so the definition of insanity
"Germany imports anthracite (hard rock) coal that accounts for about 25% of all coal consumed. The biggest supplier was Russia, but those imports will now be replaced by more imports from other current large anthracite suppliers: USA, Australia and Colombia."
What is called "hard rock coal" in Germany is not real anthracite coal. It's called "bituminous" or soft coal in the USA. Real anthracite coal is only found in very small areas of the northeastern and east central region of Pennsylvania and nowhere else. See map.
They are replacing the coal Russia supplied to Germany. That is all you can do in a short period of time, nuclear power plants can take 7 years to get up and running, and there is no solution they could engineer in a short time of 1 year.
Germany was hoping they could tamper with Russia's ambitions by essentially buying them off with Energy sales. Sort of how we are able to tamp down issues within other countries by sending "AID" to them.
Germany plans to restart some mothballed coal fired power plants in order to substitute for embargoed Russian natural gas.
They are planning to import the coal from Colombia where coal mining has caused massive environmental degradation. Question: Why won't Germany import coal from the USA? We have plenty of exportable coal.
Germany was sooooo smart to shut down those icky nuclear plants that hurt the environment while mocking the US about global warming....and is now importing coal. What the heck.....
Merkel freaked everyone out after Fukushima...and used it to shut them down
From a clean burning point of view anthracite, or “hard coal" gives best bang for bucks. It burns cleanly, has greatest btu per ton, etc.. when compared to bit or semi-bit coal.
Germany does have lots of coal, but much of domestic sourced supply is bit or semi-bit. Thus they long have imported "hard coal" from Russia.
Columbia has been a major player in coal market for some time. It produces high quality "thermal coal" at attractive costs. The latter comes about as many would imagine by mining methods that have little concern for environment, local populace or anything else you'd find say in USA or Europe.
For record this recent decision by Germany to import coal from Columbia didn't just happen overnight. Germany like other European nations long have known about coal from that country and so forth. Long as Germany was getting "cheap" hard coal from Russia which is much closer that decision was easy to make.
Keep in mind Germany like other European countries did much to strangle if not kill off domestic coal production. So they have to turn to other sources when supply must be increased or obtained at all.
Some of best coal in world is "Welsh coal" from UK. There's tons of it still underground but Thatcher and subsequent British governments all but shut down mining industry.
Europe signs them and then unleashes vitriol at the US for not signing.
Then they expand their CO2 emissions.
They couldn't even get EU members to follow their own budgetary rules.
Oh well, somewhere Greta's head is exploding as she gets yet another grown-up lesson in reality.
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