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and just reminding that after improving the mechanical energy output it is possible to convert that mechanical energy to other kinds of energy, like converting it to electrical energy, for example
ooops, I didn't say anything
The real question is how much we can improve the mechanical energy output keeping the electrical energy input the same.
The theoretical maximum value of NdFeB magnet (bh) is 512 kj/m3 (64 mgoe). At present, most magnet manufacturers can produce n52 magnet. The (bh) max of n52 has reached 90% of the theoretical limit. The question many users have in mind is, is there a stronger level than the N52 magnet? Today, Xiaofu will introduce it to you.
N55 magnet is the strongest commercial magnet at present. The strength of rare earth neodymium magnet is measured in the range of 24 mgoe-55 mgoe. This grand of neodymium magnet is 5-6% stronger than N52.
The fun fact about all this is the fact that the mechanical energy output will not be the same in the two situations described bellow:
1 - An air-core coil is placed on top of a neodymium permanent magnet of the class N-35, and the coil is turned into an electromagnet for 50 milliseconds by a pulse of direct current (DC) electricity with 1 ampere and 12 volts, with the correct polarity so the same magnetic poles of the coil and of the neodymium magnet will be facing each other, so that will cause magnetic repulsion and the coil will "jump".
2 - The same air-core coil is placed on top of a neodymium permanent magnet with the same shape and size of the above but of the class N-55, and the coil is turned into an electromagnet for the same 50 milliseconds by a pulse of direct current (DC) electricity with the same 1 ampere and 12 volts, with the correct polarity so the same magnetic poles of the coil and of the neodymium magnet will be facing each other, so that will cause magnetic repulsion and the coil will "jump".
The electric energy input in both cases is the same. But the mechanical energy output is bigger in the second case, and the coil will "jump" higher. I know because I did that experiment myself. It's a very curious fact...
Magnetic fields are produced by unpaired electrons, when you have more electrons orbiting the atom clockwise than counterclockwise or vice versa, then you have a magnet. The theoretical maximum would be if you somehow could get all the electrons going the same direction in every atom. But it's unlikely that will ever happen. In some atomic shells the electrons don't even have angular momentum, so cannot contribute.
Personally, I find it a bit odd all the lack of interest in scientific research about the very interesting phenomenon of magnetic repulsion.
I found this little paper, that seems to be interesting: https://www.sciencepubco.com/index.p...cle/view/24306 I'm just not sure if the "small mechanical force just to break the barrier overcomes such repulsive force" mentioned in the paper won't be actually greater than the energy generated.
I still think that electromagnets made of air-core coils are the most promising approach to this kind of research on magnetic repulsion.
It seems that a new kind of permanent magnets made of Iron Nitride (Fe16N2) is being developed, that is as strong as neodymium, maybe stronger, but is cheaper because doesn't need rare earth minerals to be made. That's good news for magnetic repulsion researchers.
Yes there is a limit. The size and crystal structure of the magnetic material controls how many magnetic domains exist within the material. Once all of these magnetic domains have been aligned by a magnetic field, the magnetism of the material saturates.
As to observed limits, the iron alloys used in transformers saturate at up to 2.2 teslas.
Yes there is a limit. The size and crystal structure of the magnetic material controls how many magnetic domains exist within the material. Once all of these magnetic domains have been aligned by a magnetic field, the magnetism of the material saturates.
As to observed limits, the iron alloys used in transformers saturate at up to 2.2 teslas.
The fun fact about all this is the fact that the mechanical energy output will not be the same in the two situations described bellow:
1 - An air-core coil is placed on top of a neodymium permanent magnet of the class N-35, and the coil is turned into an electromagnet for 50 milliseconds by a pulse of direct current (DC) electricity with 1 ampere and 12 volts, with the correct polarity so the same magnetic poles of the coil and of the neodymium magnet will be facing each other, so that will cause magnetic repulsion and the coil will "jump".
2 - The same air-core coil is placed on top of a neodymium permanent magnet with the same shape and size of the above but of the class N-55, and the coil is turned into an electromagnet for the same 50 milliseconds by a pulse of direct current (DC) electricity with the same 1 ampere and 12 volts, with the correct polarity so the same magnetic poles of the coil and of the neodymium magnet will be facing each other, so that will cause magnetic repulsion and the coil will "jump".
The electric energy input in both cases is the same. But the mechanical energy output is bigger in the second case, and the coil will "jump" higher. I know because I did that experiment myself. It's a very curious fact...
I think I understand what you want to achieve. But there is a flaw in that experiment.
If in you first experiment you were able to have a circuit running with 12V 1A, then in the second experiment with the more powerful magnet you won't be able to achieve the same voltage and current. It will draw a higher current and/or voltage (depending on your power supply) - it will be impossible to keep that circuit at 12V and 1A after using a stronger magnet.
All the mechanical energy in those experiments is coming from the electrical energy - the magnet is not losing energy. The magnet is just a tool to harness other forms of energy (electrical, potential), it is not a source of energy.
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