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China is mostly humid subtropical/continental with heavy monsoon. Even the dry parts have a monsoonal influence. It doesn't differ to much with its climates, unlike Australia.
This is a tricky one, as nowhere in Australia really gets a proper winter (save mountains) while much of China does.
Both have large areas that get plenty of sunny, dry weather. China's best climates (the extreme continental deserts of the far west, and an honourable mention to the very comfortable climate of Kunming) trump Australia's best.
Both can manage some pretty grim climates too, but I'd take Tasmania's worst oceanic rubbish, or north Queensland's wettest crocodile swamp over the climate from hell found at Chongqing. So China's worst trumps Australia's worst as well.
China's real problem is the messed-up precipitation pattern over much of its landmass. While in Australia the wet-summer monsoon climates stop at about 30 degrees south, in China they still show up even at 50 degrees north: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heihe
To appreciate how messed-up that is, imagine Britain being affected by the west African rainy season. China can't manage to provide a single Mediterranean type climate despite most of the country lying in the 30s and 40s latitude, where those climates are typically found. Australia can. Also the winters are very dry in much of China so it doesn't snow as much as it could. So it's close, but Australia edges it.
A lot of China has cold winters, heck even Hong Kong averages only about 18C in January. Cold winters for the latitude pretty much everywhere in the country. Australia's winters are warm for the latitude, and summers plenty hot enough and there are parts of Australia with hotter summers than anywhere in China.
I think Australia is tops in the world for climate probably overall. Mexico also has a very pleasant climate and variety. China is too cold in the north, too humid in the north, and doesn't get enough sun.
Yes, China is more diverse, but that doesn't mean it's automatically better (not for me, at least).
China barely has comfortable, San Diego-esque climates. The warm parts are too muggy and the cooler regions are too cold. They just don't have anything "in between".
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