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What I mean by frost free:
- The northernmost place which has never recorded a frost
And
- The northernmost place which doesn’t normally record frost in an average year
As for the northernmost place which doesn’t usually record a frost, I would say A Coruña (43N) in Northern Spain and the coastal towns around there.
If we look in the Southern Hemisphere, there may be some coastal towns in New Zealand and Tasmania which are at a higher latitude than the Azores and have never recorded a frost.
In the Northern Hemisphere, Valentia Island off the coast of Ireland normally never records a frost and it's a bit further north than Scilly.
Bishop Rock, which is the furthest west of the Isles of Scilly, has a record low of 1C. It literally is just a big rock though with a lighthouse on it. It is in the Guinness Book of records as the smallest Island in the world with a building on it.
I live just south of the 38th parallel in California and we rarely get frost. 3-4 events per year typically with a temp that hits 30, 31, 32 for a couple hours between 5am and 7am before going back to the 50s in the afternoon.
Probably Rockall. Can't imagine it would ever record a temp below about 4c or above 15c.
There are islands just off the coast of Scotland with record lows of -5c, but Rockall is a 20m rock with hundreds of km of ocean on all sides.
Yeah, while we can't be sure, I bet Rockall has:
--Summers cold enough to qualify as a tundra climate not just per Koppen/Trewartha but likely Holdridge as well. Perhaps around 8c
--A record low around 1-3c.
--A mean minimum around 3-5c
--A winter mean around 5/6c
That would be beyond just hyperoceanic. Like an upgrade on the mildness of Faroe, Austral and tropical highland tundras.
Although if you were to build a sufficiently small artificial island off the sea far enough from Iceland (at least a little south), you may well end up with one there too. Icelandic tundras are very mild too (albeit not like the others mentioned) and generally lack permafrost as such, while the seas near Iceland remain ice-free.
Water temps there range from 9c to 13c over the year. With no real land area to be heated, and no escape from ocean moderation, mean temps should be similar.
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