Nothing ventured, nothing gained.
I applied for an IT position with a large prepared foods company in 1997, but I did not get the job - I lost out to an applicant with a shinier resume. A year later, another identical position was open with the company. There was a new hiring manager at that point, who told me bluntly (and with exasperation) that he did not care about my relevant experience - he wanted someone who came recommended and possessed of the right attitude. They would train me as necessary.
I was hired.
They guy who was hired a year ahead of me (my coworker after I was hired) lasted for another year before they ended up giving him the boot.
Seventeen years on, I'm still there. It's been a very good job.
All situations are different, but there's no reason why the fact that they did not hire you in the past means they will necessarily not considering hiring you now or in the future.
Good luck!