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During the era of Colonial Spain, slavery of indigenous tribes was common. As the Spaniards expanded north into what is now AZ, NM and TX, they became in conflict with Apaches, Navajos, Comanches, and Kiowas who pushed them back. Captured indigenous women and children were often enslaved - but many often escaped successfully (albeit with mixed children due to rape). The repeated escapes led to the Spaniards' decision to send indigenous slaves from the southwest to Cuba. I am Native American from rural AZ but worked in Miami, FL for a year. When I saw Cubans I often wondered if a very few had distant Native American ancestry traced to the Southwestern USA (Kiowa, Comanche, Navajo, or Apache). The Cubans did have indigenous slaves from what is now AZ, TX and NM. The Spanish-Indigenous War lasted about four hundreds of years from Coronado's Expedition (1500s) into the early 1900s. Some of the Cubans and Puerto Ricans definitely look part indigenous and at a minimum have some degree of Taino (or other indigenous) ancestry. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanc...%93Mexico_Wars
Not really, anybody with amerindian ancestry, very scarce, come from Yucatan and Guajira peninsula slaves.
It would be interesting to see one of those genetic tests for Panama, much like I've seen for DR, Cuba, and the like. They always seem so much a part of that Cuba, DR, PR, northern Colombia sphere...
Cuba is no different, but the country is older and Catholic.
The genetical base of Cuba is reduced to Canary island, a few valleys in Northern Spain, Galicia and a few African tribes, so all Cuban can be spotted no matter the colour.
Cuba is no different, but the country is older and Catholic.
The genetical base of Cuba is reduced to Canary island, a few valleys in Northern Spain, Galicia and a few African tribes, so all Cuban can be spotted no matter the colour.
Would you say Cuba is mainly multi-racial these days? That's the impression I got going there. Lots of Pardo and North African(Moroccan, Algerian, etc.) looking people there on top of whites and blacks.
Cubans tend to have larger numbers of pure blooded whites and blacks than the other 2. Puerto Ricans and Dominicans are both mostly mixed race, tho mixed race Puerto Rican are slightly more European, while mixed race Dominicans are slightly more African. Both having high Taino admixture being 'tri-racial', compared to mixed race Cubans who are usually more'mulatto'. It should be noted that Cuba and Puerto Rico were the "blackest" Spanish colonies historically. in the 1800s, Spain started whitening these 2, being Spain's last remaining colonies, started imposing laws like Royal Decree of Graces of 1815 (mostly Cuba, but PR too) encouraging white european non-spanish immigration, and Regla de Sacar (only PR) the opposite of USA one drop rule, also under US rule around 1930s USA experimented its first birth control pills effectively steriziling hundreds of thousands of non white Puerto Rican women. DR got slightly darker from repeated Haitian invasions (going from light multiracial to dark multiracial), in PR and Cuba it was the opposite going from dark multiracial to light multiracial. But these islands were always predominately mixed (since atleast the 1600s) due to the nature of the type of slavery Spain had going on, they were "easier" on their slaves compared to the English and French, and encouraged alot of miscegenation (race mixing, integration.)
Going by genetics, not self identification
Cubans
55% White
30% Mixed race
15% Black
Puerto Ricans
75% Mixed race
20% White
5% Black
Dominicans
80% Mixed race
15% Black
5% White
Culturally, all 3 are alike, all 3 are Spanish Caribbean, similar (or even exactly the same sometimes) food, music, accent/slang, cultural customs. Tho, Cubans are more secluded due to the communist atmosphere of Cuba and their settlement in the US (mostly in Miami). Puerto Ricans and Dominicans are more spread out and can found in various cities mostly in the Northeast and some in Florida, usually in the same neighborhoods. On the other hand, many stateside PR families been here for generations and decades, and basically have a similar demenour to American Blacks and ethnic whites (Italians, Irish, Jews), while Dominicans in the US are more recent and tend to hold onto their traditional Caribbean Latino culture much more.
Going by genetics, not self identification
Cubans
55% White
30% Mixed race
15% Black
Puerto Ricans
75% Mixed race
20% White
5% Black
Dominicans
80% Mixed race
15% Black
5% White
I have read that Puerto Ricans also have to the highest remaining amount of Indigenous dna mix of the three Islands.
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