OP - I think the only accurate way to measure VO2max is to have it directly measured, in a lab. I don't know the algorithm Garmin uses for computing VO2 so I can't comment on it; I use my Garmin mostly for tracking running distances as I think their heart rate monitor is also rather inaccurate. The hospital where I work has a Sports Med lab and would do a VO2 test for around $200, pre-Covid.
For VO2max, you can use the different methods outlined in this page:
VO2max Calculator | SHAPESENSE.COM
If all of your results cluster about the same figure, your VO2max is probably in the ballpark.