Bottom line that most people misunderstand is a 500yr flood IS bad, but it just means that the mean time for recurrence is 500 years.
A bit of information on flooding probability:
Why you can get '500 year floods' two years in a row : Highly Allochthonous (http://scienceblogs.com/highlyallochthonous/2008/06/why_you_can_get_500_year_flood.php - broken link)
Comment #1:
Quote:
The probability of a 500-year event occurring exactly once in a year is more like 0.001998 (not quite 1/500) if you assume it is a Poisson process. For two occurrences in 15 years the probability is 0.0004358.
We use the Poisson model for earthquakes; I don't know if it applies to floods.
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Technical information on the formulas used for calculating and setting these probabilities (seismic):
Foundation Design Codes and Soil ... - Google Book Search
(warning, VERY technical!!!!!!)
The probability for a 500 year storm occuring in any one year is around 0.2%
If you use the graph on the more technical page you can see the cumulative chance of having one during the time you are there (just look at the ratios on the top of the graph. When it reaches "1" it means you have reached the time period specified. So figure you live there for 50 years, chances are 10% (look for 0.1 on the top bar, then follow it across to the numbers on the right. It is about 2.5 lines up, and each line is 4%. 4% x 2.5 = 10%)
Sorry if I confused anyone with that.
Bottom line is to look around the house. Look at the trees, see if you can see any flood lines on them. Look for the same in the basement. Look for driftwood. Ask about any streams in the area. Look at the lay of the plot. Is it in a hollow, or even with the houses around it? Is it slightly elevated compared to the ones around it? Look in the news, has it flooded there recently and why? (dam overflow, storm drain clogage, etc)?
Hope this helps!