Quote:
Originally Posted by gravefun32
Bankgok’s climate isn’t “equatorial”. It’s Tropical Monsoon. Miami’s is Tropical Monsoon.
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Only by Köppen. Trewartha has them savannah. And in the spirit of the original post, the point of this exercise is to determine the accuracy of these classifications, not simply to apply them.
At what point is a climate tropical?
An overview of the gross features of the three climates finds Miami roughly intermediate to the two others.
Atlanta: 33 North, 300m elevation, 17.0 C average temp, 1263mm yearly precipitation
Miami: 25 North, Sea level, 25.1 C average temp, 1572mm yearly precipitation
Bangkok: 13 North, Sea level, 28.6 C average temp, 1648mm yearly precipitation
Diagnostic criteria type 1: Tropical diseases
Hookworm extends into the subtropics.
Malaria once extended into the subtropics.
Chagas disease extends into the subtropics.
Leprosy extends into the subtropics.
Chikungunya extends into the subtropics.
It appears then that tropical diseases are misnamed and are a risk factor for both tropical and subtropical climates. These cannot easily be used to discriminate between those climates (but may discriminate effectively between subtropical and temperate climates).
Diagnostic criteria type 2: Tropical species
Crocodiles are mostly limited to the tropics, but extend into southern Florida.
Coral is mostly limited to the tropics, but is found around southern Florida.
Biodiversity is high in southern Florida, as in other tropical climates.
Diagnostic criteria type 3: Soil
Rainforests have a distinctive reddish (latosolic) soil composition, depending on detritus to replenish nutrients which would otherwise be washes away due to torrential downpours. According to Strahler, all three locations have the same podzolic-latosolic soils which are typical of drier tropical or subtropical regions.
Diagnostic criteria type 4: Climactic details
Equatorial climates usually have minimal variation in temperature and rainfall throughout the year.
Peripheral tropical climates experience moderate temperature variation and high variation in precipitation. Prevailing winds are from the east in summer, and the dry season is usually in winter.
Subtropical climates experience moderate or high temperature variation and any variation in precipitation. Prevailing winds commonly come from the west in winter, and the dry season is usually in summer, though winter dryness is occasionally seen.
Atlanta is dry in the summer, with a yearly temperature range over 20 C in a uniquely subtropical pattern.
Miami and Bangkok are dry in the winter, with yearly temperature ranges below 10 C (Miami) and 4 C (Bangkok) typical for peripheral tropical climates.
Conclusion
This informal review identifies the following useful characteristics for discriminating between tropical and subtropical climates, with the following indicators for a subtropical climate:
- Annual temperature range over (approximately) 15 C
- Summer dryness (except for rare cases near the equator where "summer" and "winter" are similar in temperature)
- Lower biodiversity, specifically absence of crocodiles and coral reefs
Miami exhibits none of these markers for a subtropical climate. It therefore appears to be correctly classed as tropical by standard classification systems.