the first Russian Tsar Ivan IV (ancient, Roman, influence, England)
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Russian history is full of events. It was a lot of celebrities, extraordinary character which affected the entire course of history.
One of these personalities was the first Russian Tsar Ivan IV, nicknamed for his bloody deeds Terrible.
What was he, the king of Ivan Rurik dynasty? His personality - the brightest and most controversial in the history of Russia. Historians have variously characterized the first tsar of all Russia. For some, it is - a cruel tyrant, synoubiytsa, harsh autocrat. For others - a glorious military leader, a skilled diplomat and a talented writer. How could one person be given all of the above characteristics? Let's take a closer look at his life.
For starters, his personality does not match the stories that he wrote for (Peter I) Karamzin
1. He never killed his son.
2. During the reign of Ivan the Terrible, Russia was considered the most little - drinking alcohol peoples and countries in the world in contrast to Europe.
For alcohol drinking beverages in Russia were special places. Vodka prodovat prohibited. Drunkenness was considered a great sin, and severely punished, for this there is a lot of evidence in Europe (to start an anti-Russian propaganda)
3. In Russia not was slaves were free to Kristjan (which was not in Europe). Serfdom back to (Peter the Great.)
4. During the 50 years(time on the throne of the board) of Ivan the Terrible, was killed only 4.5 thousand people. (They were convicted (twice previously) oath - pristupnikov and all the enemies of the state and of noble birth)
But in Europe it slandered and called the bloody king. While, for example - for one night in France, the French king killed 35,000 people. In England, 75,000 for.(no homelessness (Rogue) In Germany, no less.
5. The first in the world to come up with the regular army and their military uniforms
6. Increased territory Russia 2 times (returning the Slavic lands. )
7. twice voluntarily Lithuanian people wanted (that Ivan the Terrible was their)to be their king.
8. Canceled the class attribute at enlistment(For military service).
Ivan was a man of his time. There's no need to try to whitewash him or justify his deeds. If you want to see bloody, ruthless deeds, you could look to Tibet. Even in "modern" times, the 13th Dalai Lama gouged out the eyes of border guards who inadvertently let British spies into the country, and threw the guards off a cliff. That's the way things were in the old days, especially in Ivan's time. Western Europe wasn't without its atrocities. Western Europe went through hundreds of years of the Inquisition and torturings and witch burnings. When the Mongols arrived in Europe, they were horrified at the West's torture devices, according to historians, and at the West's treatment of women.
Ivan was a man of his time. There's no need to try to whitewash him or justify his deeds. If you want to see bloody, ruthless deeds, you could look to Tibet. Even in "modern" times, the 13th Dalai Lama gouged out the eyes of border guards who inadvertently let British spies into the country, and threw the guards off a cliff. That's the way things were in the old days, especially in Ivan's time. Western Europe wasn't without its atrocities. Western Europe went through hundreds of years of the Inquisition and torturings and witch burnings. When the Mongols arrived in Europe, they were horrified at the West's torture devices, according to historians, and at the West's treatment of women.
It's all relative.
Ivan the Terrible is a part of Russian history, which have altered the Romanovs. Until now, the history books say about that Ivan the Terrible killed his son and was horny. But an autopsy crypts in 63 best criminologists that time in the USSR. They confirmed that Ivan did not kill my son. He and his wife and family were poisoned by mercury and arsenic. For 50 years, was ordered to kill only 4.5 thousand (oath - criminals and traitors, with the noble blood.) Evidence of this is. When Ivan the Terrible very well maintain statistics of executions and all of them are up to one person. An interesting fact that the image of Russia earlier presented a very different, not as what we described by historians. In Europe, the well-preserved responses from known at the time of the people of (well-known in those days people) and they are more positive than it was when the whole of Europe. But later, with the advent of printing the image of Russia deliberately changed, just as they do today, the Western media for the sake of their own interests. At the time, Russia was the most civilized country in Eurasia. When a Russian princess Anna arrived from Kiev to Paris. Paris ,she described as a large village. And it is not considered an enlightened Europe, on the contrary, she brought to Paris to ( its library). The same description as the other princess who married a Norwegian king, she wondered at their savagery and beastliness that as there is documentary proof. But we drummed into his head. What , us Slavs enlightened enlightened Europe. At the time, European cities looked like a village in contrast to the Russian cities.
I do not want nor anyone * whitewash *. I want to show how people distort history and facts are silent. You all exactly, who your ancestors were and what was their way of life? Would you be all smooth if their slandered ?Look at American history books today. What they write, who won the second world war? But who won it for real? Why Western textbooks, destroy or claim all the laurels. Conversely slander against Russia and it is happening today? Western countries are great, but only in words. Russia great ,is by his actions , the people of his conscience.
Last edited by GreyKarast; 06-05-2013 at 01:09 AM..
Is this not one of the most famous paintings of the renowned artist Ilya Repin titled Ivan the Terrible and his Son which he painted in 1885?
Are we to believe that Ilya Repin was influenced by "western propaganda"?
Also, you dispute Ivan's mental issues and paranoia, but then remark that he was poisoned by mercury over a long period of time. Ivan had chronic arthritis and the medication he took contained mercury. Do you know what the mental impacts of Mercury poisoning are?
irritability
anxiety/nervousness, often with difficulty in breathing
restlessness
exaggerated response to stimulation
fearfulness
emotional instability
-lack of self control
-fits of anger, with violent, irrational behavior
loss of self confidence
indecision
shyness or timidity, being easily embarrassed
loss of memory
inability to concentrate
lethargy/drowsiness
insomnia
mental depression, despondency
withdrawal
suicidal tendencies
manic depression
numbness and tingling of hands, feet, fingers, toes, or lips
muscle weakness progressing to paralysis
ataxia
tremors/trembling of hands, feet, lips, eyelids or tongue
incoordination
Ivan the Terrible did not earn his moniker for killing large numbers of people, on that you are correct. However, the people he did kill were not really criminals, but noble families among the Boyars whose possessions he took and gave to the oprichiniks to consolidate his power. The lasting impact of his decisions was the forcing of Russian peasants into absolute serfdom and near slavery.
Ivan has a very mixed legacy. On one hand he created what was to become the Russian Empire and laid the foundation for all of the future Tsars and the entire political system of Russia. On the other he wasn't exactly shy about being brutal in his desire to forge the empire and it's arguable that the average person was worse off after Ivan than they were before. His economic policies were a disaster and he left the country in a position that ended the Rurik Dynasty and ushered in the "Time of Troubles". Personally, I don't think he was a bad ruler and just to clarify the moniker "Terrible" is a bad translation of the Russian word "Grozny" which would better be translated into English as "Fearsome". He earned the title for his military prowess, not for anything evil.
As for the cities...
In the mid-1500's Europe was just emerging from a long period of population decline and things were starting to boom. At the time Paris was the largest city in Europe with a population of 200,000 people and was second only to Constantinople with a population of 500,000. The other major cities were Naples, Venice and Milan all with populations of around 100,000.
The population of Moscow in the mid-1500's is estimated in the 125,000 range. That makes Moscow larger than the great cities of Italy, but smaller than Paris. At the time Novgorod was the second largest city in Russia and would have had a population of around 40,000-50,000 making it roughly the size of Florence, Cologne or Genoa.
To say that western Europe cities were "villages" at that time is patently false, as is the implication that Russians brought the enlightenment to western Europe. If that was the case, why did Peter the Great spend so much time teaching the Russians the ways of the west?
Is this not one of the most famous paintings of the renowned artist Ilya Repin titled Ivan the Terrible and his Son which he painted in 1885?
Are we to believe that Ilya Repin was influenced by "western propaganda"?
Also, you dispute Ivan's mental issues and paranoia, but then remark that he was poisoned by mercury over a long period of time. Ivan had chronic arthritis and the medication he took contained mercury. Do you know what the mental impacts of Mercury poisoning are?
Ivan the Terrible did not earn his moniker for killing large numbers of people, on that you are correct. However, the people he did kill were not really criminals, but noble families among the Boyars whose possessions he took and gave to the oprichiniks to consolidate his power. The lasting impact of his decisions was the forcing of Russian peasants into absolute serfdom and near slavery.
Ivan has a very mixed legacy. On one hand he created what was to become the Russian Empire and laid the foundation for all of the future Tsars and the entire political system of Russia. On the other he wasn't exactly shy about being brutal in his desire to forge the empire and it's arguable that the average person was worse off after Ivan than they were before. His economic policies were a disaster and he left the country in a position that ended the Rurik Dynasty and ushered in the "Time of Troubles". Personally, I don't think he was a bad ruler and just to clarify the moniker "Terrible" is a bad translation of the Russian word "Grozny" which would better be translated into English as "Fearsome". He earned the title for his military prowess, not for anything evil.
As for the cities...
In the mid-1500's Europe was just emerging from a long period of population decline and things were starting to boom. At the time Paris was the largest city in Europe with a population of 200,000 people and was second only to Constantinople with a population of 500,000. The other major cities were Naples, Venice and Milan all with populations of around 100,000.
The population of Moscow in the mid-1500's is estimated in the 125,000 range. That makes Moscow larger than the great cities of Italy, but smaller than Paris. At the time Novgorod was the second largest city in Russia and would have had a population of around 40,000-50,000 making it roughly the size of Florence, Cologne or Genoa.
To say that western Europe cities were "villages" at that time is patently false, as is the implication that Russians brought the enlightenment to western Europe. If that was the case, why did Peter the Great spend so much time teaching the Russians the ways of the west?
1. The story of Ivan the Terrible Karamzin was rewritten for the sake of the Romanovs.
2. '63 Were produced autopsy crypts. Forensic study confirmed that his son had died of mercury and arsenic. Just died and Ivan the Terrible and his wife, his mother and father.
Today, just based on the history of Karamzin. The founder of the Russian Navy is the first Peter. But in reality it is Ivan the Terrible, he first began to build its fleet.
In 1998 in France and 2000 in Italy, Einaudi publishing house has published a book of Karl Ferdinand Werner «Nascita della Nobilita - Lo sviluppo delle elites politiche in Europa Nascita» - the result of research the origin of the aristocracy of Europe for fifty years, held at the Paris Institute of Culture , whose president is the author of the book, a prominent scientist in the field of medieval historiography. This work has been ignored by the Italian "medievalist" who do not want to admit their own fallibility is closed on the "history of Western Europe" (which is taught in middle and high school) in relation to the history of Europe, which, in fact, much more than they currently represent.
So far, this "strange" situation makes the Russian Middle Ages to be on the other side of the Carpathians. And the fact that as a "Russian Middle Ages" is known in the West, comes under the influence of Russian academic "historians" who have emigrated to Europe or the United States, most of which had to do, not because of Slavic Studies, well aware that the object of study, but only because that owned a tool (language) required for reading numerous Russian chronicles and their interpretation, sometimes very questionable and biased.
This ambiguous situation and created our intention to make every effort to open the doors of European historiography in the new world, to study history without political prejudice, no grand fireworks and shouts, "I always knew it!". But with humility interested, curious, and certainly not jealous of people who want to speak in plain and simple language of the facts!
First we need to understand that the time boundaries Russian "Middle Ages" does not coincide with the boundaries adopted for this period in the West, it can be considered the beginning of the base of the legendary Rurik dynasty, and the end - the extinction of the dynasty at the end of the XVI century, when the son of Ivan IV, nicknamed Ivan the Terrible die without heirs of decent crown on his (so-called "Monomakh"). Who succeeded Boris Godunov - not Ruricovich.
Another stereotype of the Eastern Slavs was a backward culture, below the rest of Europe, and that is enough to keep them interested in history. One of those strange prejudice, which is easy enough to dispel. Just a few examples:
1037. Kiev inaugurates the second largest Christian church in Europe (see H. Dittmar «La Lotta delle Cattedrali, Politica, Potere e Costruzione di Chiese in Lotta fra Est e Ovest» or Massimiliano Mandel «Storia dell'Arte Bizantina e Russa»)! Did you know that?
Veliky Novgorod (Novgorod-la-Grande) to the XV century, was the biggest and richest city in Northern Europe, one of the most ancient European republics. And most importantly, Novgorod was the most literate city in Europe! This is not a baseless assertions during archaeological excavations in 1951 found in Novgorod birchbark documents about a thousand! Messages written on birch bark - now all read and deciphered - clearly indicate that its residents, from the rich and noble, to a mere craftsman, knew how to read and write! Trinity Lavra monks who came to the competent North, in the XIV century, invented the alphabet for zyryan (Finno-Ugric tribes). What do you think? Is not that proof enough of Culture Russian Land?
But the evidence to support a deliberate blindness western version of history with regard to Russia: in the early Middle Ages, there was a Prikavkaze powerful Khazar Empire. Its capital Itil was located on the Volga River (city can not be found on the geographical and natural causes, but the other, Sarkel, as many well-known, built Byzantium - yeah). The Khazar Empire professed Judaism and dominated the Black Sea, competing for influence with Constantinople to Kiev. The Roman Empire was trying to persuade the ruling elite of the Khazars to Christianity, to this end, has repeatedly consisted marriage emperors of the Roman Empire with the girls of the Khazar imperial family. Thus, the Roman Emperor Leo IV was nicknamed Khazar thanks to his mother, the Khazar princess Cicek (which in Turkish means "flower").
At the same time, Khazar Empire, which had ancestral links not only to the Roman emperors, but also with the Russian princes, is an integral component part of Russian history. It was here, in a captured Russian Khazar town of Hersonissos, Prince Vladimir of Kiev decided his baptism. But Western historians completely ignored these facts!
In the book, Robert Marshall (contemporary American writer) "Raging East", published in 2001 by the publishing house "Neri Pozza", the author thanks the serious academic experts who have read and reviewed by his book, which tells about the invasion of the Mongols in Europe. And that's what we read on the front page: "The Mongols ... March 24, 1241, Sunday. Krakow looted and burned. For the rest of Europe, the ruin of Krakow was terrible and unexpected omen, "etc. etc. How so? Nearly a dozen historians and experts read the text, and none of them are "not notice" that is "forgotten" a much more important event that really shook Europe and the Papacy in the four months prior to the robbery of Krakow! December 6, 1240 under the impact of the Mongol troops fell a much larger city, important and famous than Krakow. And it was ... Kiev! A few years later, there will be the envoy of Pope John Monk Carpini, who in his diary confirms the terrible damage caused by the Mongols!
What can I say? It remains to wish to get rid of the historians' mental gags "and stamps, as part of Kiev in the Russian invasion of the Mongols, of course, was one of the most important, and should be considered in order to understand the history of the whole of Europe (as you have probably already heard, no Mongol invasion was not in sight. Enemies bit off a huge margin of Slavic-Aryan Empire, which occupied the whole of Eurasia, and then the imperial troops were sent to restore order.'s all Tatars with Mongols. This is a well written article by Academician N. Levashova "gloss over the history of Russia." - DB) ...
Another telling example. Today, a vast number of books on the cavalry, Knights Templar and the Crusades. In these books popularized by historians note, however, is only posing as such, of the crusaders. Their action takes place only in the Middle East, where the Third campaign and the loss of Saint-Jean d'Acre in 1291 ... the story ends! Unfortunately, such an interpretation of the history of the Crusades withdraws from the history of Europe is another, perhaps the most important crusade Teutonic campaign, launched in 1226 with the support of Friedrich II and ended the Battle of Grunwald in 1410! Against who?
Against the Prussians and Lithuanians considered the last pagans in Europe, but, above all, against the Russian princes - "heretics"! I must say that the Teutons have played a crucial role in the development of the Baltic Sea. They brought to these areas craftwork, spread rye in place of wheat, which in the Baltic climate was difficult to grow, they brought the people's courts, civil law, a new concept of absolute sovereignty and so on! But who says that? ..
And who among Europeans heard about Alexander Nevsky? In 1248, Pope Innocent IV, of Lyons wrote his longest letter that convinces Prince Alexander abandon the Russian Orthodox Church and subject him to the Pope. By agreeing to this proposal, the prince decided to have a lot of problems with the Teutonic and Livonian knights. But he did not!
The role of women in the Middle Ages - is another big gap. Who ever heard of Princess Olga of Kiev or Euphrosyne of Polotsk, or Boretskaya Martha (Martha-Governor's Wife)? The figures of the Russian women were crucial to the story. Perhaps all that will be discussed below, will seem too specific facts to be known non-professional historian, but even the major Italian publishers, suitably qualified in this area, you will not find any information about the fact that among the founders of the Capetian dynasty is the figure's daughter Kiev Prince Yaroslav of Kiev Anna Belle!
Mother of Philip I (she, being Orthodox, has introduced a list of generic names of Germanic kings of France and Biblical Greek name Philip), Anna teaches his son the traditional Slavic secrets of sorcery, spreading the glory of healing by laying hands of the king. It is this ability to heal laid the beginning of a ceremony, during which Philip I took the sick and the suffering, and healing ... scrofula!
It is known that in Europe, women witches who possessed outstanding abilities were persecuted and even burned at the stake. But is it who would believe that in Russia it was the opposite! "Herbalist", the only physicians in the former Russian villages, very respected and revered. The Orthodox Church was looking at their work through your fingers, because persecution "znaharok", similar to what happened in Western Europe could cause a mass revolt against the church. By the way, quackery, brought to France by Anna, laid the foundation for new areas of medical science - homeopathy and pharmacology, shyly declared themselves in Europe only in the 16th century (in 1585 at the University of Padua was opened Europe's first botanical garden, where the studied drugs properties of plants).
Just because the Russian folk heritage - the richest in Europe! ..
Do you know the East Slavic Christian saints? How about St. Nicholas? This most famous Christmas character in North America, touting Coca-Cola - is the most popular folk saint in Russian, whose cult spread throughout the vast territory of Russia. New Yorkers do not even know that the custom of giving candy to kids good the bad and the ashes was born far from America.
In Novgorod, where the main square was a church of St. Nicholas, it was two whole holiday dedicated to him: Nikola Nikola winter and springtime. And if you want to make sure of it, or just feel a close connection with St. Nicholas Russian, go to Bari, Italy, where the cathedral can be seen on the statue inscription in Russian.
Add more time - Princess Anne of Kiev - Queen of France
Recall that in the middle of the eleventh century of the Christian calendar, the daughter of Yaroslav the Wise, Princess Anne became Queen of France.
Who came from the "wild" Kievan Rus princess did not think that I came in "enlightened" Europe and Paris perceived as a large village, which is documented in the form of her letters.
She brought with her to a remote province, which was then considered France, part of the library, some of the books from which returned to Russia only in the nineteenth century, once in the library Sulakadzaeva.
Read the post on Tartarus.Having lived in Paris, a few years later, in a letter to his father from Paris, Anne wrote - "there are gloomy dwellings, churches are ugly and horrible manners."
We remember that almost all the people of Europe did not wash, and if they washed it once a month or three. In Russia the same, even the poorest person was room where people are regularly washed.
After all, the fundamental starting Parisian buildings will begin only at the end of XII century, her great-grandson of Philip II. University of Paris will host a vengeance in Paris and minds of blocks only at the beginning of the XIII century. In the meantime, Anna signs the documents, indicating your name and title. A king on the papers of national importance ... puts a cross. "
This is despite the fact that in the same historical era were entirely literate Novgorod not only men but also many women. And there were many, even among the literate peasants.
Pave the streets in Paris and London began at least 400 years later than in Novgorod. Stilts were invented as a necessary means of transportation in the off-season on the streets of Western cities, and because of garbage and food waste and fikalii. In Russia, the city was clean.
Last edited by GreyKarast; 06-10-2013 at 05:00 AM..
That's one of the letters, I will translate and write on Russian translations I have terrible as you can see.
Anna's letter to his father Yaroslavny Yaroslav the Wise
"Hello, razlyubezny my Papa! Writes to you, Prince of All Russia, loyal, your daughter Anya, Anne of Kiev Ruricovich, now a French queen. And where will you train me, a sinner, misdirected? In dyrischu smelly, France, to Paris-town, damn it!
You said the French - smart people, and they even do not know the stove. As winter begins, so let's fireplace to heat. From him the whole palace soot, smoke the whole room, and the heat is not one little bit. Only Russian sable yes beavers here and save. Aroused once theirs masons began to explain what a stove. Damn, damn them drawings - neymut science, and that's it. "Madam, - they say - it's impossible." I say, "Do not be lazy, go to Russia, we each have a wooden hut stove, not like in the stone chambers." And they told me, "Ma'am, we do not believe. That the house was a den with fire, and the fire was not? Oh, non-non! "I swore to them. They say, "You, Russ - barbarians, Scythians, Asians, have you got a witchcraft. Look, madam, no one but us, do not speak, and then you have to burn at the stake! "
And they eat, Papa, you know what? You would not believe - frogs! We even common people is ashamed to take in her mouth, and they have the Dukes with duchesses eat, but at the same time praising. And eating burgers. Take a piece of meat, whipped him with a hammer, roast and eat.
They Byzantine spoon back in the news, and forks venetseyskih they are not seen before. I'm her husband King Henry once took so prepared Kurnik. He licked his right hand. "Encore! - Screams. - More! "I cooked him yet. Again he cried out: "Encore!" I said to him: "The stomach ache!" He, "Kes-ke-se? - What is it? "I explained to him by Claudius Galen. He says, "You Warlock! Look, do not tell anyone, and even the Pope have orders to burn at the stake. "
Another time, I'm talking to Henry, "Let's teach your jesters" Alexandria "put." He said: "What is it?" I say, "History Wars of Alexander the Great." - "And who is he?" Well, I explained to him by Antisthenes the Younger. He's like, 'Oh, non-non! It's incredible! One person so many countries can not win! "Then I showed him a book. He grimaced in disgust and said, "I am not a priest, so much to read! Here in Europe, no king can not read. Look, who do not show, and then my dukes with graphs quickly you daggers slaughtered! "That's the life here, Papa.
And come to us Saracens. No one but me, Saracen rumor does not say the queen had become a translator, azhno Dukes with graphs teeth squeak. Yes, this is something I am not afraid of my Vikings are always with me. Another scary. These Saracens invented alkugl (Arabic - alcohol), it is even stronger than our home-made beer and mead, not that of the Polish vodka.
But for this you, Papa, I am writing to this alkuglya to Russia and even a keg does not come. Neither dear God! And that will ruin the Russian people. For symmetry, I bow to you proschavatelno, being faithful thy daughter Anne of Kiev Ruricovich, and by her husband Anna Regina Francorum »
This letter 1000 years! What was it 2000 years ago? Animals ...
There are many other letters, as well from other daughters of the other Kingdoms.
Письмо Анны Ярославны отцу Ярославу Мудрому
«Здравствуй, разлюбезный мой тятенька! Пишет тебе, князю всея Руси, верная дочь твоя Анечка, Анна Ярославна Рюрикович, а ныне французская королева. И куды ж ты меня, грешную, заслал? В дырищу вонючую, во Францию, в Париж-городок, будь он неладен!
Ты говорил: французы — умный народ, а они даже печки не знают. Как начнется зима, так давай камин топить. От него копоть на весь дворец, дым на весь зал, а тепла нет ни капельки. Только русскими бобрами да соболями здесь и спасаюсь. Вызвала однажды ихних каменщиков, стала объяснять, что такое печка. Чертила, чертила им чертежи — неймут науку, и все тут. «Мадам, — говорят, — это невозможно». Я отвечаю: «Не поленитесь, поезжайте на Русь, у нас в каждой деревянной избе печка есть, не то что в каменных палатах». А они мне: «Мадам, мы не верим. Чтобы в доме была каморка с огнем, и пожара не было? О, нон-нон!» Я им поклялась. Они говорят: «Вы, рюссы, — варвары, скифы, азиаты, это у вас колдовство такое. Смотрите, мадам, никому, кроме нас, не говорите, а то нас с вами на костре сожгут!»
А едят они, тятенька, знаешь что? Ты не поверишь — лягушек! У нас даже простой народ такое в рот взять постыдится, а у них герцоги с герцогинями едят, да при этом нахваливают. А еще едят котлеты. Возьмут кусок мяса, отлупят его молотком, зажарят и съедят.
У них ложки византийские еще в новость, а вилок венецейских они и не видывали. Я своему супругу королю Генриху однажды взяла да приготовила курник. Он прямо руки облизал. «Анкор! — кричит. — Еще!» Я ему приготовила еще. Он снова как закричит: «Анкор!» Я ему: «Желудок заболит!» Он: «Кес-кё-сэ? — Что это такое?» Я ему растолковала по Клавдию Галену. Он говорит: «Ты чернокнижница! Смотри, никому не скажи, а то папа римский нас на костре сжечь велит».
В другой раз я Генриху говорю: «Давай научу твоих шутов «Александрию» ставить». Он: «А что это такое?» Я говорю: «История войн Александра Македонского». — «А кто он такой?» Ну, я ему объяснила по Антисфену Младшему. Он мне: «О, нон-нон! Это невероятно! Один человек столько стран завоевать не может!» Тогда я ему книжку показала. Он поморщился брезгливо и говорит: Â«Я не священник, чтобы столько читать! У нас в Европе ни один король читать не умеет. Смотри, кому не покажи, а то мои герцоги с графами быстро тебя кинжалами заколют!» Вот такая жизнь тут, тятенька.
А еще приезжали к нам сарацины. Никто, кроме меня, сарацинской молвою не говорит, пришлось королеве переводчицей стать, ажно герцоги с графами зубами скрипели. Да этого-то я не боюсь, мои варяги всегда со мной. Иное страшно. Эти сарацины изобрели алькугль (араб. — спирт), он покрепче даже нашей браги и медовухи, не то что польской водки.
Вот за этим тебе, тятенька, и пишу, чтобы этого алькугля на Русь даже и одного бочонка не пришло. Ни Боженьки! А то погибель будет русскому человеку. За сим кланяюсь тебе прощавательно, будучи верная дочь твоя Анна Ярославна Рюрикович, а по мужу Anna Regina Francorum»
Этому письму 1 000 лет! Что же было 2 000 лет назад? Есть и другие.
Protoslavic lived in Europe during the time of Herodotus. In his "History", they are called "Scythian ploughmen" and "Scythian farmers". These Pahari and supplying farmers and grain Athenian metropolis. And the fact that they were just Protoslavic indicates only mentioned by Herodotus ethnonym. He calls living in the vicinity of Olbia natives "chipped."
And dogonku of the Roman heritage. The culture of personal hygiene (baths, terms etc.) Survived only in the former provinces of the Roman (Byzantine) Empire, which had been captured by the Arabs.
Russian ambassadors in Moscow, wrote about the Sun King, "His Majesty stinks like unto a wild beast."
And this despite the fact that far in the past were the Crusades, and to them the Western barbarians in close contact with the more advanced Arab culture in Spain. By the way, the French perfume - as heir to the Arabian incense and absolutely necessary addition to the French chivalry and courtesy)
However, Spain for a long time in a state of broken-off chunk. French erotic belletristka Anais Nin (mid XX century.) In one of his stories writes about the Balearic Islands - about what went swimming at beaches in a negligee only "European" women, ie Englishwoman, a French and Germans. However, the Pyrenees were not an obstacle to the spread entrenched there main heresy of the West - the filioque.
Just do read http://www.city-data.com/forum/histo...t-tartary.html (Sorry for the translation) The data you see documented, but specifically suppressed earlier. And hushed in not only in Europe but also in Russia.
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