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If we use mountain summits, then it is probably Ben Nevis or one of the Cairngorm summits. Braemar is the coldest town in the UK and also jointly holds the record minimum for the UK (including high places). The coldest summers are on the mountain peaks, obviously, but for low lying places it is the Shetland Isles, where average maxima in July and August are about 14C/58F.
Coldest place in Norway would be on the Arctic archipelagos, and more specific, the highest mountain on Svalbard, Newtontoppen at 1,713 m asl. Newtontoppen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
There are no weather stations on that mountain.
Using Longyearbyen with mean -6.7C during 1961-90, and -3.8C during 1996 - aug 2014, the summit of the mountain should have annual mean ca -15C.
The summit of the Beerenberg Volcano on Jan Mayen, 2277 m asl, should also be very cold.
Of course, in most countries the coldest spot will be on the top of one of their highest mountains, so we may mention several cases depending on a bunch of criteria taken into account.
For Argentina, I can say the following:
- Among cities with >50,000 inhabitants, RÃo Grande, Tierra del Fuego is the coldest with an average of 5.5ºC.
- At sea level, the coldest point is very likely found around Isla de los Estados, which is supported by an old station from Isla Año Nuevo, Tierra del Fuego, that averaged only 5.0ºC.
- Among urban areas (>2,000 people according to National Census rules), the coldest town is Tolhuin, Tierra del Fuego, with 4.6ºC. It's found at 100 metres above sea level.
- The coldest village of the country is, however, Las Cuevas, Mendoza, with an estimated average of 3.5ºC. Las Cuevas is found at 3.200 m.a.s.l., in the Andes.
- Although it can't be considered a proper village/town under the conventional definition, Veladero, San Juan, a mining camp, is the coldest permanently inhabited site in Argentina, with an estimated average of 0.5/1.0ºC. It's found at 3.850 m.a.s.l.
- The coldest weather station ever run by the National Weather Service was Cristo Redentor, Mendoza, an international pass at 3,830 m.a.s.l. whose average is -1.5ºC.
- The coldest point of the country, as I had already mentioned, is the summit of Mount Aconcagua. At 6,962 metres, its estimated to average -19/-20ºC.
(Las Cuevas, Cristo Redentor and Aconcagua are very close to each other. Isla Año Nuevo is off the Southeastern tip of Tierra del Fuego, whereas Veladero is some 250 km north of Aconcagua.)
Wrong! Deadhorse = 11.5F verses Barrow = 11.8F. The only reason Barrow is so close to the top is because of cold summers. No one measures cold by summer; Winter is where it's at. During the winter, Barrow is not even in the top 10 for the United States. Deadhorse is the only place that makes the top 10 every single month of the year. That, my friend, is the definition of cold.
In China, Mohe has the coldest January, with the mean -30.9°C and minimum -52.3°C.
Wudaoliang has the coolest July, with the mean 5.5℃.
(Note: those places only have records since the 1950s).
Jesus H Christ! Is this accurate!?! WOW those winters are insane. Even way too cold for my extreme loving blood. And the summers average highs are actually warmer than most Northern European and other oceanic locations.
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Is this accurate!?! WOW those winters are insane. Even way too cold for my extreme loving blood. And the summers average highs are actually warmer than most Northern European and other oceanic locations. 
