FOOD SOURCE 1b Unwholesome; signs of spoilage PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE Canned or hermetically sealed foods must be handled so as to maintain container and product integrity. Dented and damaged containers allow for the contamination of the food within the container. This contamination can result in the growth of disease-causing bacteria or spoilage of the can’s contents. Food establishments are required to inspect can goods for damage. Damaged goods are not to be used. They must be disposed of or be segregated and held in designated areas pending proper disposition. SANITATION RINSE 4c In place PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE All equipment, utensils and food contact surfaces must be properly washed and then sanitized to minimize food contamination. Washing is the removal of food residue or soil from surfaces. Sanitization is the application of heat or chemicals on cleaned surfaces that results in a 99.999% reduction of disease-causing microorganisms. There are many different types of sanitizers that can be used in food establishments. The most common include: hot water between 165oF and 180oF, chlorine mixed at a concentration of 50 ppm, quaternary ammonia mixed at a concentration of 200 ppm, and iodine mixed at a concentration of 12.5 ppm. Establishments will often have equipment that needs to be washed and sanitized, but is too large to fit into warewashing sinks or dishmachines, or is not designed to be submerged in water. This equipment must be washed and sanitized “in place”. Surfaces must be washed with a detergent solution to remove food residue, then rinsed free of detergents with clean water and then sanitized with an approved sanitizer. PEST CONTROL 7a Evidence of insects or rodents PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces. Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
FOOD SOURCE 1b Unwholesome; signs of spoilage PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE Canned or hermetically sealed foods must be handled so as to maintain container and product integrity. Dented and damaged containers allow for the contamination of the food within the container. This contamination can result in the growth of disease-causing bacteria or spoilage of the can’s contents. Food establishments are required to inspect can goods for damage. Damaged goods are not to be used. They must be disposed of or be segregated and held in designated areas pending proper disposition. PERSONNEL 2d Poor hygienic practices PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE Retail food establishments must have a Health Department approved Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan in place when vacuum packageing or when conducting other forms of modified oxygen packaging (MAP). Foods not properly processed using MAP techniques are prone to the growth of botulism. All MAP processed foods must be held refrigerated at 41oF or less until cooking or service. Shelf life of MAP foods are not to exceed 10 days. WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS 5c Unprotected backflow, back siphonage PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE Plumbing connections between potable or drinking water plumbing systems and non-potable water systems are called cross connections. Cross connections can occur in many different ways in a food establishment. The simplest may be a hose attached to a faucet that is dropped into a container or sink filled with non-potable, contaminated water. In this example there is a direct connection between the building’s potable water system and the contaminated or non-potable water in the container or sink. To prevent the “backflow” of contaminated water back into the building’s water system caused by siphonage, a proper backflow protection device must be installed on the faucet where the hose is attached. Backflow devices must be correctly installed to assure their proper operation and maintenance. Backflow devices must be installed on all faucets or hose bibs where a hose can be attached, on soap and other chemical dispensing systems that are plumbed to the buildings water systems, on water lines to dish machines and in soft drink carbonator systems. To prevent the possibility of sewage contacting food or backing up into fixtures such as food preparation sinks, warewashing sinks, ice bins, refrigerators or dishmachines, the drainage systems from these fixtures must drain through an “air break” before entering the sewer. This physical gap in the drain line does not allow waste water to back up into fixtures if a sewage back up should occur.
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