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Business Info

Restaurant: ANTHONY'S PIZZA & PASTA
Address: 1550 California St, Denver, CO
Total inspections: 48
Last inspection: Dec 10, 2012

Score
(the higher the better)
100

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Ratings Summary

Based on 1 vote

Overall Rating:		4.0
Ratings in categories:
Food:		5.0
Service:		5.0
Price:		3.0
Ambience:		3.0
Cleanliness:		3.0

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Violation descriptions and comments

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3b Rapidly reheat to 165 �°F or greater
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
If the food becomes hot enough during cooking, most disease-causing bacteria and viruses will be destroyed. One exception is a type of bacteria that can form heat-resistant spores (an example is Clostridium perfringens.) However, cooked food can become recontaminated after cooking with bacteria from hands, utensils, coughing, sneezing, etc
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3c Hold hot at 135 �°F or greater
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Bacterial growth is greatly reduced when food temperatures reach 120oF. It is almost completely inhibited at 140oF.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the Health Department.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3e Hold cold at 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
The rate of bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can be greatly reduced when foods are held at temperatures of less than 41oF. This cold holding temperature does not generally kill the bacteria that may be present in food, but will slow or inhibit their growth.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the health department.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3f Food thermometer not available
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Because food temperature control is so critical in assuring food safety all foods establishment must have and must use an accurate thermometer to check food temperatures. Food product thermometers are to be scaled 0—220oF. They must be accurate to +/-2oF. Food workers need to verify that foods are being properly cooled, that they are reheated to 165oF, that they are cooked to the required temperatures, that they are held hot above 140oF, etc. by using a thermometer.
SANITATION RINSE
4c In place
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
All equipment, utensils and food contact surfaces must be properly washed and then sanitized to minimize food contamination. Washing is the removal of food residue or soil from surfaces. Sanitization is the application of heat or chemicals on cleaned surfaces that results in a 99.999% reduction of disease-causing microorganisms. There are many different types of sanitizers that can be used in food establishments. The most common include: hot water between 165oF and 180oF, chlorine mixed at a concentration of 50 ppm, quaternary ammonia mixed at a concentration of 200 ppm, and iodine mixed at a concentration of 12.5 ppm.
Establishments will often have equipment that needs to be washed and sanitized, but is too large to fit into warewashing sinks or dishmachines, or is not designed to be submerged in water. This equipment must be washed and sanitized “in place”. Surfaces must be washed with a detergent solution to remove food residue, then rinsed free of detergents with clean water and then sanitized with an approved sanitizer.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6b Inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers may be unlikely to wash their hands unless properly equipped handwashing sinks are accessible in the immediate work area. Handwashing sinks which are improperly located may be blocked by portable equipment or stacked full of soiled utensils and other items, rendering the sink unavailable for use. Nothing must block the approach to a handwashing sink thereby discouraging its use.
TESTING DEVICES
11c Chemical test kits not provided; inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The temperature of the wash and rinse water is a critical factor effecting cleaning and sanitizing of equipment and utensils. It is important that warewashing machines and high-temperature three-compartment warewashing sinks are therefore equipped with accurate thermometers to measure water temperatures. Sanitzer test kits must also be provided and used by food workers to ensure that the concentration of any chemical sanitizers being used are correct. Warewashing machines are required to operate at specific water flow pressures. Water flow pressure can greatly effect how well a dishmachine will sanitize. Low water flow pressure results in inadequate spray patterns and incomplete coverage of the equipment and utensils being washed. Excessive flow pressures will atomize water droplets and again result in incomplete coverage. A pressure gauge installed on the dishmachine’s final rinse line allows workers to monitor the water flow pressure of a dishmachine.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12c Dishwashing operations
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Prior to washing and sanitizing heavy food residue left on equipment and utensils must be removed. This pre-scraping or flushing of equipment and utensils helps keep wash and rinse water clean and improves the results of washing and sanitizing
Warewashing water temperatures are a critical factor effecting how well dishwashing detergents work to remove organic matter from equipment and utensils. If wash water temperatures are too low, dish detergents can not effectively dissolve and remove oils and animal fats from dirty equipment and utensils. Wash and rinse water must be kept clean. Equipment and utensils washed and rinsed in heavily soiled water results in soiled and inadequately sanitized surfaces.
After washing and saintizing, clean equipment and utensils must be allowed to drain and air-dry before they are stacked and put away. Wet surfaces of equipment and utensils provide an environment that may allow for the growth of microorganisms. Drying equipment and utensils by hand is prohibited. Hand drying of wet equipment and utensils transfers microorganisms from food workers to utensil surfaces. Clean equipment and utensils must be stored off the floor. Pots, pans, glasses must be stored inverted to help protect them from contamination.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14f Personal items stored incorrectly
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Coats, handbags, shoes and other personal items that belong to employees can be a source of food, equipment and utensil contamination if not properly store. Personal items must be kept separate from food, preparation areas, warewashing areas and utensils. Lockers, coat hooks or an approved designated area is to be provided so workers can properly store their personal belongings.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
SANITATION RINSE
4c In place
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
All equipment, utensils and food contact surfaces must be properly washed and then sanitized to minimize food contamination. Washing is the removal of food residue or soil from surfaces. Sanitization is the application of heat or chemicals on cleaned surfaces that results in a 99.999% reduction of disease-causing microorganisms. There are many different types of sanitizers that can be used in food establishments. The most common include: hot water between 165oF and 180oF, chlorine mixed at a concentration of 50 ppm, quaternary ammonia mixed at a concentration of 200 ppm, and iodine mixed at a concentration of 12.5 ppm.
Establishments will often have equipment that needs to be washed and sanitized, but is too large to fit into warewashing sinks or dishmachines, or is not designed to be submerged in water. This equipment must be washed and sanitized “in place”. Surfaces must be washed with a detergent solution to remove food residue, then rinsed free of detergents with clean water and then sanitized with an approved sanitizer.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6c Soap and drying devices unavailable
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Handwashing sinks must be kept clean and well stocked with hand soap and hand towels to encourage frequent use. Hot and cold water must be provided through a mixing valve so employees can properly wash their hands.

PERSONNEL
2b Wounds unprotected
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Cuts or burns on a food workers hands are a direct threat for introducing disease-causing bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus into food. A water-tight barrier is required to cover cuts and burns on worker's hands and wrists. Cuts or burns on the arms are less of a concern when usual food preparation practices are employed, therefore, no barrier is required. However, if the food preparation practices involve contact of the exposed portions of the arms with food, a barrier equivalent to that required for the hands and wrist would be necessary. Bandages worn over cuts and burns are not considered adequate covers. Bandages must be covered with a water tight barrier to prevent leakage from the cut or burn through the bandage into the food.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3c Hold hot at 135 �°F or greater
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Bacterial growth is greatly reduced when food temperatures reach 120oF. It is almost completely inhibited at 140oF.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the Health Department.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6b Inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers may be unlikely to wash their hands unless properly equipped handwashing sinks are accessible in the immediate work area. Handwashing sinks which are improperly located may be blocked by portable equipment or stacked full of soiled utensils and other items, rendering the sink unavailable for use. Nothing must block the approach to a handwashing sink thereby discouraging its use.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6c Soap and drying devices unavailable
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Handwashing sinks must be kept clean and well stocked with hand soap and hand towels to encourage frequent use. Hot and cold water must be provided through a mixing valve so employees can properly wash their hands.
TOXIC ITEMS
8c Improperly used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Failure to use cleaners, sanitizers, and other chemicals properly can be very dangerous. Directions listed on container labels must be followed correctly. Failure to follow stated instructions could result in injury to workers or customers. Sanitizers must be used at the proper concentrations: Chlorine 50 ppm, Quaternary Ammonia 200 ppm, and Iodine 12.5 ppm. High levels of sanitizers or soaps can leave harmful residues.

PERSONNEL
2b Wounds unprotected
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Cuts or burns on a food workers hands are a direct threat for introducing disease-causing bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus into food. A water-tight barrier is required to cover cuts and burns on worker's hands and wrists. Cuts or burns on the arms are less of a concern when usual food preparation practices are employed, therefore, no barrier is required. However, if the food preparation practices involve contact of the exposed portions of the arms with food, a barrier equivalent to that required for the hands and wrist would be necessary. Bandages worn over cuts and burns are not considered adequate covers. Bandages must be covered with a water tight barrier to prevent leakage from the cut or burn through the bandage into the food.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3c Hold hot at 135 �°F or greater
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Bacterial growth is greatly reduced when food temperatures reach 120oF. It is almost completely inhibited at 140oF.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the Health Department.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
PERSONNEL
2f Training needed
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers must have a basic understanding of food safety as it relates to the job or task they are doing. Dishwashers must know how the dishmachine they operate sanitizes and when they should be washing their hands. Cooks that reheat foods must know the temperature requirements for reheating. Employees who are required to cool foods must know what the temperature requirements are for cooling. The more knowledgeable the food handler is, the safer the food handling practices in the establishment should be.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3e Hold cold at 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
The rate of bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can be greatly reduced when foods are held at temperatures of less than 41oF. This cold holding temperature does not generally kill the bacteria that may be present in food, but will slow or inhibit their growth.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the health department.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3f Food thermometer not available
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Because food temperature control is so critical in assuring food safety all foods establishment must have and must use an accurate thermometer to check food temperatures. Food product thermometers are to be scaled 0—220oF. They must be accurate to +/-2oF. Food workers need to verify that foods are being properly cooled, that they are reheated to 165oF, that they are cooked to the required temperatures, that they are held hot above 140oF, etc. by using a thermometer.
SANITATION RINSE
4c In place
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
All equipment, utensils and food contact surfaces must be properly washed and then sanitized to minimize food contamination. Washing is the removal of food residue or soil from surfaces. Sanitization is the application of heat or chemicals on cleaned surfaces that results in a 99.999% reduction of disease-causing microorganisms. There are many different types of sanitizers that can be used in food establishments. The most common include: hot water between 165oF and 180oF, chlorine mixed at a concentration of 50 ppm, quaternary ammonia mixed at a concentration of 200 ppm, and iodine mixed at a concentration of 12.5 ppm.
Establishments will often have equipment that needs to be washed and sanitized, but is too large to fit into warewashing sinks or dishmachines, or is not designed to be submerged in water. This equipment must be washed and sanitized “in place”. Surfaces must be washed with a detergent solution to remove food residue, then rinsed free of detergents with clean water and then sanitized with an approved sanitizer.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6c Soap and drying devices unavailable
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Handwashing sinks must be kept clean and well stocked with hand soap and hand towels to encourage frequent use. Hot and cold water must be provided through a mixing valve so employees can properly wash their hands.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.

FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3c Hold hot at 135 �°F or greater
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Bacterial growth is greatly reduced when food temperatures reach 120oF. It is almost completely inhibited at 140oF.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the Health Department.

PERSONNEL
2c Hands not washed as needed
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The hands are particularly important in transmitting foodborne disease-causing organisms. Food employees with dirty hands and/or fingernails may contaminate the food being prepared. Therefore, any activity which may contaminate the hands must be followed by thorough handwashing. Even seemingly healthy employees may serve as reservoirs for disease-causing microorganisms that are transmissible through food. Staphylococci bacteria, for example, can be found on the skin and in the mouth, throat, and nose of many healthy employees. The hands of employees can be contaminated by touching their nose, mouth, hair or other body parts.
PERSONNEL
2d Poor hygienic practices
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Retail food establishments must have a Health Department approved Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan in place when vacuum packageing or when conducting other forms of modified oxygen packaging (MAP). Foods not properly processed using MAP techniques are prone to the growth of botulism. All MAP processed foods must be held refrigerated at 41oF or less until cooking or service. Shelf life of MAP foods are not to exceed 10 days.
PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
IMPROPER EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Non-food contact surfaces of equipment routinely exposed to splash or food debris must be constructed to be smooth, durable, nonabsorbent and easily cleanable. Equipment that does not meet these criteria becomes difficult to clean, allowing soil, moisture, debris and disease-causing bacteria to accumulate.
TESTING DEVICES
11a Refrigeration units not provided with accurate, conspicuous thermometer
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Conspicuous thermometers are required in all refrigeration units and hot food holding cabinets where potentially hazardous foods are stored. Maintaining foods at safe temperatures is critical in controlling the growth of disease-causing bacteria. Should the temperature of a refrigerator exceed 41oF or a hot holding cabinet be less than 140oF, bacterial growth can occur. In order to facilitate the routine monitoring of equipment temperatures, clearly visible thermometers must be provided in all refrigerations and hot holding cabinets and must be routinely checked by food establishment personnel.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14a Plumbing not installed/maintained
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
It is critical that all plumbing fixtures, water and sewer lines in food establishments be maintained in proper working order. Poorly maintained plumbing systems may result in potential heath hazard such as cross connections, the back up of sewage, or leakage. These conditions may directly result in the contamination of food, equipment, utensils or paper goods. They can also adversely affect the ability of food handlers to adequately wash their hands, an establishment’s warewashing operations and increase the potential for cross contamination of food and equipment and utensil.
Toilet rooms and facilities must be of sanitary design and kept clean and in good repair to help prevent contamination of food preparation areas, to motivate employees to maintain a high degree of personal hygiene and to use good sanitary practices. Doors to toilet rooms must be kept closed to help prevent the possible spread of disease-causing microorganisms by flies.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14f Personal items stored incorrectly
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Coats, handbags, shoes and other personal items that belong to employees can be a source of food, equipment and utensil contamination if not properly store. Personal items must be kept separate from food, preparation areas, warewashing areas and utensils. Lockers, coat hooks or an approved designated area is to be provided so workers can properly store their personal belongings.
OTHER OPERATIONS
15a Personnel; unauthorized; unclean clothes; hair unrestrained
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Dirty clothing may harbor disease-causing microorganisms that are transmissible through food to people. Food workers who inadvertently touch their dirty clothing may contaminate their hands. This could result in contamination of the food being prepared. Food may also be contaminated through direct contact with dirty clothing. In addition, employees wearing dirty clothes send a negative message to consumers about the level of sanitation in the establishment. Consumers are particularly sensitive to food contaminated by hair. Hair can be both a direct and indirect vehicle of contamination. Food workers may contaminate their hands when they touch their hair. A hair restraint keeps dislodged hair from ending up in the food and may deter employees from touching their hair. Only authorized workers can be in food preparation and warewashing areas. Unauthorized individuals such as small children or friends of workers can contaminate food or food contact surfaces.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12c Dishwashing operations
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Prior to washing and sanitizing heavy food residue left on equipment and utensils must be removed. This pre-scraping or flushing of equipment and utensils helps keep wash and rinse water clean and improves the results of washing and sanitizing
Warewashing water temperatures are a critical factor effecting how well dishwashing detergents work to remove organic matter from equipment and utensils. If wash water temperatures are too low, dish detergents can not effectively dissolve and remove oils and animal fats from dirty equipment and utensils. Wash and rinse water must be kept clean. Equipment and utensils washed and rinsed in heavily soiled water results in soiled and inadequately sanitized surfaces.
After washing and saintizing, clean equipment and utensils must be allowed to drain and air-dry before they are stacked and put away. Wet surfaces of equipment and utensils provide an environment that may allow for the growth of microorganisms. Drying equipment and utensils by hand is prohibited. Hand drying of wet equipment and utensils transfers microorganisms from food workers to utensil surfaces. Clean equipment and utensils must be stored off the floor. Pots, pans, glasses must be stored inverted to help protect them from contamination.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6b Inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers may be unlikely to wash their hands unless properly equipped handwashing sinks are accessible in the immediate work area. Handwashing sinks which are improperly located may be blocked by portable equipment or stacked full of soiled utensils and other items, rendering the sink unavailable for use. Nothing must block the approach to a handwashing sink thereby discouraging its use.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6c Soap and drying devices unavailable
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Handwashing sinks must be kept clean and well stocked with hand soap and hand towels to encourage frequent use. Hot and cold water must be provided through a mixing valve so employees can properly wash their hands.
PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
FOOD LABELING AND PROTECTION
9a Not in original container; improperly labeled
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The identity of a food's origin and composition is important when tracing its' source if implicated in a foodborne illness or if under recall. Ingredient information is needed by consumers who have allergies to certain foods or food ingredients. Bulk ingredients such as flour, sugar and salt that have been removed from their original containers must be labeled so they are not mistaken for similar looking ingredients and chemicals.
FOOD LABELING AND PROTECTION
9b Food unprotected from contamination
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Freezing prevents microbial growth in foods, but usually does not destroy all microorganisms. Improper thawing provides an opportunity for surviving bacteria to grow to harmful numbers. If the food is then refrozen, significant numbers of bacteria may be preserved in the food.
Disease-causing organisms can contaminate and/or grow in food that is not stored properly. Drips from condensation and drafts of unfiltered air can be sources of microbial contamination for stored foods. Shoes carry contamination onto the floors of food preparation and storage areas. Raw meats and poultry can contaminate cooked and ready to eat foods if stored above these ready to eat items. Even trace amounts of refuse or wastes present in toilet rooms, rooms used for dressing, storing garbage or tools, or rooms housing machinery can become sources of food contamination.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13c Reuse of single service articles
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware are to be used once and then discarded. These items are not constructed to be durable enough to withstand repeated use and repeated washing and sanitizing.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.

PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3c Hold hot at 135 �°F or greater
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Bacterial growth is greatly reduced when food temperatures reach 120oF. It is almost completely inhibited at 140oF.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the Health Department.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.

WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5c Unprotected backflow, back siphonage
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Plumbing connections between potable or drinking water plumbing systems and non-potable water systems are called cross connections. Cross connections can occur in many different ways in a food establishment. The simplest may be a hose attached to a faucet that is dropped into a container or sink filled with non-potable, contaminated water. In this example there is a direct connection between the building’s potable water system and the contaminated or non-potable water in the container or sink. To prevent the “backflow” of contaminated water back into the building’s water system caused by siphonage, a proper backflow protection device must be installed on the faucet where the hose is attached. Backflow devices must be correctly installed to assure their proper operation and maintenance. Backflow devices must be installed on all faucets or hose bibs where a hose can be attached, on soap and other chemical dispensing systems that are plumbed to the buildings water systems, on water lines to dish machines and in soft drink carbonator systems. To prevent the possibility of sewage contacting food or backing up into fixtures such as food preparation sinks, warewashing sinks, ice bins, refrigerators or dishmachines, the drainage systems from these fixtures must drain through an “air break” before entering the sewer. This physical gap in the drain line does not allow waste water to back up into fixtures if a sewage back up should occur.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6b Inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers may be unlikely to wash their hands unless properly equipped handwashing sinks are accessible in the immediate work area. Handwashing sinks which are improperly located may be blocked by portable equipment or stacked full of soiled utensils and other items, rendering the sink unavailable for use. Nothing must block the approach to a handwashing sink thereby discouraging its use.
TESTING DEVICES
11a Refrigeration units not provided with accurate, conspicuous thermometer
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Conspicuous thermometers are required in all refrigeration units and hot food holding cabinets where potentially hazardous foods are stored. Maintaining foods at safe temperatures is critical in controlling the growth of disease-causing bacteria. Should the temperature of a refrigerator exceed 41oF or a hot holding cabinet be less than 140oF, bacterial growth can occur. In order to facilitate the routine monitoring of equipment temperatures, clearly visible thermometers must be provided in all refrigerations and hot holding cabinets and must be routinely checked by food establishment personnel.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.

WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5c Unprotected backflow, back siphonage
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Plumbing connections between potable or drinking water plumbing systems and non-potable water systems are called cross connections. Cross connections can occur in many different ways in a food establishment. The simplest may be a hose attached to a faucet that is dropped into a container or sink filled with non-potable, contaminated water. In this example there is a direct connection between the building’s potable water system and the contaminated or non-potable water in the container or sink. To prevent the “backflow” of contaminated water back into the building’s water system caused by siphonage, a proper backflow protection device must be installed on the faucet where the hose is attached. Backflow devices must be correctly installed to assure their proper operation and maintenance. Backflow devices must be installed on all faucets or hose bibs where a hose can be attached, on soap and other chemical dispensing systems that are plumbed to the buildings water systems, on water lines to dish machines and in soft drink carbonator systems. To prevent the possibility of sewage contacting food or backing up into fixtures such as food preparation sinks, warewashing sinks, ice bins, refrigerators or dishmachines, the drainage systems from these fixtures must drain through an “air break” before entering the sewer. This physical gap in the drain line does not allow waste water to back up into fixtures if a sewage back up should occur.

IMPROPER EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Non-food contact surfaces of equipment routinely exposed to splash or food debris must be constructed to be smooth, durable, nonabsorbent and easily cleanable. Equipment that does not meet these criteria becomes difficult to clean, allowing soil, moisture, debris and disease-causing bacteria to accumulate.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14e Ventilation inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Adequate ventilation is very important in maintaining a high level of sanitation in a food establishment. A poorly ventilated kitchen is generally very hot and can contribute to refrigeration not being capable of holding foods at less than 410F. Insect and rodent infestations may occur if doors and windows are left open in an attempt to cool the establishment. Worker hygiene may be effected by sweat dripping into food or onto food contact surfaces, or by contaminating hands when wiping the face. Soiling of walls, ceilings and equipment surfaces with smoke, grease and moisture may also result. Make-up air and exhaust systems may require more frequent repairs. Carbon monoxide can reach dangerous levels if back draft of gas appliances such as water heaters, occurs as a result of inadequate ventilation.

PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.

PERSONNEL
2d Poor hygienic practices
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Retail food establishments must have a Health Department approved Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan in place when vacuum packageing or when conducting other forms of modified oxygen packaging (MAP). Foods not properly processed using MAP techniques are prone to the growth of botulism. All MAP processed foods must be held refrigerated at 41oF or less until cooking or service. Shelf life of MAP foods are not to exceed 10 days.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6b Inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers may be unlikely to wash their hands unless properly equipped handwashing sinks are accessible in the immediate work area. Handwashing sinks which are improperly located may be blocked by portable equipment or stacked full of soiled utensils and other items, rendering the sink unavailable for use. Nothing must block the approach to a handwashing sink thereby discouraging its use.
TOXIC ITEMS
8a Improperly stored
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Separation of cleaners, sanitizers and other chemicals from food, equipment and utensils helps ensure that chemical contamination does not occur. Cleaners, sanitizers and other chemicals must be stored below and away from all food, food preparation areas, warewashing areas, clean equipment and utensils, paper good and single service items.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14a Plumbing not installed/maintained
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
It is critical that all plumbing fixtures, water and sewer lines in food establishments be maintained in proper working order. Poorly maintained plumbing systems may result in potential heath hazard such as cross connections, the back up of sewage, or leakage. These conditions may directly result in the contamination of food, equipment, utensils or paper goods. They can also adversely affect the ability of food handlers to adequately wash their hands, an establishment’s warewashing operations and increase the potential for cross contamination of food and equipment and utensil.
Toilet rooms and facilities must be of sanitary design and kept clean and in good repair to help prevent contamination of food preparation areas, to motivate employees to maintain a high degree of personal hygiene and to use good sanitary practices. Doors to toilet rooms must be kept closed to help prevent the possible spread of disease-causing microorganisms by flies.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

SANITATION RINSE
4c In place
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
All equipment, utensils and food contact surfaces must be properly washed and then sanitized to minimize food contamination. Washing is the removal of food residue or soil from surfaces. Sanitization is the application of heat or chemicals on cleaned surfaces that results in a 99.999% reduction of disease-causing microorganisms. There are many different types of sanitizers that can be used in food establishments. The most common include: hot water between 165oF and 180oF, chlorine mixed at a concentration of 50 ppm, quaternary ammonia mixed at a concentration of 200 ppm, and iodine mixed at a concentration of 12.5 ppm.
Establishments will often have equipment that needs to be washed and sanitized, but is too large to fit into warewashing sinks or dishmachines, or is not designed to be submerged in water. This equipment must be washed and sanitized “in place”. Surfaces must be washed with a detergent solution to remove food residue, then rinsed free of detergents with clean water and then sanitized with an approved sanitizer.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6c Soap and drying devices unavailable
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Handwashing sinks must be kept clean and well stocked with hand soap and hand towels to encourage frequent use. Hot and cold water must be provided through a mixing valve so employees can properly wash their hands.
FOOD LABELING AND PROTECTION
9a Not in original container; improperly labeled
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The identity of a food's origin and composition is important when tracing its' source if implicated in a foodborne illness or if under recall. Ingredient information is needed by consumers who have allergies to certain foods or food ingredients. Bulk ingredients such as flour, sugar and salt that have been removed from their original containers must be labeled so they are not mistaken for similar looking ingredients and chemicals.
FOOD LABELING AND PROTECTION
9b Food unprotected from contamination
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Freezing prevents microbial growth in foods, but usually does not destroy all microorganisms. Improper thawing provides an opportunity for surviving bacteria to grow to harmful numbers. If the food is then refrozen, significant numbers of bacteria may be preserved in the food.
Disease-causing organisms can contaminate and/or grow in food that is not stored properly. Drips from condensation and drafts of unfiltered air can be sources of microbial contamination for stored foods. Shoes carry contamination onto the floors of food preparation and storage areas. Raw meats and poultry can contaminate cooked and ready to eat foods if stored above these ready to eat items. Even trace amounts of refuse or wastes present in toilet rooms, rooms used for dressing, storing garbage or tools, or rooms housing machinery can become sources of food contamination.
TESTING DEVICES
11c Chemical test kits not provided; inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The temperature of the wash and rinse water is a critical factor effecting cleaning and sanitizing of equipment and utensils. It is important that warewashing machines and high-temperature three-compartment warewashing sinks are therefore equipped with accurate thermometers to measure water temperatures. Sanitzer test kits must also be provided and used by food workers to ensure that the concentration of any chemical sanitizers being used are correct. Warewashing machines are required to operate at specific water flow pressures. Water flow pressure can greatly effect how well a dishmachine will sanitize. Low water flow pressure results in inadequate spray patterns and incomplete coverage of the equipment and utensils being washed. Excessive flow pressures will atomize water droplets and again result in incomplete coverage. A pressure gauge installed on the dishmachine’s final rinse line allows workers to monitor the water flow pressure of a dishmachine.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14e Ventilation inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Adequate ventilation is very important in maintaining a high level of sanitation in a food establishment. A poorly ventilated kitchen is generally very hot and can contribute to refrigeration not being capable of holding foods at less than 410F. Insect and rodent infestations may occur if doors and windows are left open in an attempt to cool the establishment. Worker hygiene may be effected by sweat dripping into food or onto food contact surfaces, or by contaminating hands when wiping the face. Soiling of walls, ceilings and equipment surfaces with smoke, grease and moisture may also result. Make-up air and exhaust systems may require more frequent repairs. Carbon monoxide can reach dangerous levels if back draft of gas appliances such as water heaters, occurs as a result of inadequate ventilation.

PERSONNEL
2c Hands not washed as needed
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The hands are particularly important in transmitting foodborne disease-causing organisms. Food employees with dirty hands and/or fingernails may contaminate the food being prepared. Therefore, any activity which may contaminate the hands must be followed by thorough handwashing. Even seemingly healthy employees may serve as reservoirs for disease-causing microorganisms that are transmissible through food. Staphylococci bacteria, for example, can be found on the skin and in the mouth, throat, and nose of many healthy employees. The hands of employees can be contaminated by touching their nose, mouth, hair or other body parts.
PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
TOXIC ITEMS
8a Improperly stored
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Separation of cleaners, sanitizers and other chemicals from food, equipment and utensils helps ensure that chemical contamination does not occur. Cleaners, sanitizers and other chemicals must be stored below and away from all food, food preparation areas, warewashing areas, clean equipment and utensils, paper good and single service items.
TOXIC ITEMS
8b Improperly labeled
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The accidental contamination of food and food contact surfaces with cleaners, sanitizers or other chemicals can cause serious illness or injury. Distinct labels on chemical containers help ensure that poisonous or toxic materials are properly stored and used.
TESTING DEVICES
11c Chemical test kits not provided; inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The temperature of the wash and rinse water is a critical factor effecting cleaning and sanitizing of equipment and utensils. It is important that warewashing machines and high-temperature three-compartment warewashing sinks are therefore equipped with accurate thermometers to measure water temperatures. Sanitzer test kits must also be provided and used by food workers to ensure that the concentration of any chemical sanitizers being used are correct. Warewashing machines are required to operate at specific water flow pressures. Water flow pressure can greatly effect how well a dishmachine will sanitize. Low water flow pressure results in inadequate spray patterns and incomplete coverage of the equipment and utensils being washed. Excessive flow pressures will atomize water droplets and again result in incomplete coverage. A pressure gauge installed on the dishmachine’s final rinse line allows workers to monitor the water flow pressure of a dishmachine.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13c Reuse of single service articles
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware are to be used once and then discarded. These items are not constructed to be durable enough to withstand repeated use and repeated washing and sanitizing.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.

HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6b Inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers may be unlikely to wash their hands unless properly equipped handwashing sinks are accessible in the immediate work area. Handwashing sinks which are improperly located may be blocked by portable equipment or stacked full of soiled utensils and other items, rendering the sink unavailable for use. Nothing must block the approach to a handwashing sink thereby discouraging its use.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.

FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3e Hold cold at 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
The rate of bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can be greatly reduced when foods are held at temperatures of less than 41oF. This cold holding temperature does not generally kill the bacteria that may be present in food, but will slow or inhibit their growth.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the health department.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12d Wiping cloths
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Counter tops, work tables, cutting boards, and other food contact surfaces are required to be wiped down constantly to keep them free of food spill. If spills are left to accumulate, disease-causing microorganisms can survive on contaminated surfaces. Foods, equipment and utensils that come into contact with these dirty surfaces will also become contaminated. To prevent this contamination, wiping cloths must be saturated with a sanitizing solution of adequate strength to kill microorganisms that may be on these surfaces.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14d Lighting inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Light levels are specified so that sufficient light is available to enable workers to read labels, identify toxic materials, recognize the condition of food, utensils and other supplies, work safely and to evaluate cleaning. Sufficient light makes the need for cleaning apparent by making any accumulation of food spills and other soil conspicuous. Lights that are shielded, coated or shatter resistant help prevent breakage and contamination of food, clean equipment, utensils and single service items from fragments of glass should a bulb break.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14e Ventilation inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Adequate ventilation is very important in maintaining a high level of sanitation in a food establishment. A poorly ventilated kitchen is generally very hot and can contribute to refrigeration not being capable of holding foods at less than 410F. Insect and rodent infestations may occur if doors and windows are left open in an attempt to cool the establishment. Worker hygiene may be effected by sweat dripping into food or onto food contact surfaces, or by contaminating hands when wiping the face. Soiling of walls, ceilings and equipment surfaces with smoke, grease and moisture may also result. Make-up air and exhaust systems may require more frequent repairs. Carbon monoxide can reach dangerous levels if back draft of gas appliances such as water heaters, occurs as a result of inadequate ventilation.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14f Personal items stored incorrectly
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Coats, handbags, shoes and other personal items that belong to employees can be a source of food, equipment and utensil contamination if not properly store. Personal items must be kept separate from food, preparation areas, warewashing areas and utensils. Lockers, coat hooks or an approved designated area is to be provided so workers can properly store their personal belongings.

FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3a Rapidly cool food to 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time.
Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.Proper cooling means lowering the temperature of the food quickly enough to prevent bacterial growth. Taking too long to cool off cooked foods is a frequent cause of foodborne illness. During lengthy cooling, disease-causing bacteria may grow in potentially hazardous foods. Avoid letting food stay for long periods of time at growth-promoting temperatures for bacteria 70�° F - 120�° F. If the food isn't cooled from 140�° F to 70�° F in two hours or less, then from 70�° F to 41�° F in four hours or less, enough bacteria may grow to cause a foodborne illness.
Restaurants are required to cool food within time frames based on how fast bacteria grow if food becomes recontaminated. By meeting these cooling time expectations, disease-causing bacteria won't grow to dangerous levels even if sanitation is less than ideal.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3e Hold cold at 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
The rate of bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can be greatly reduced when foods are held at temperatures of less than 41oF. This cold holding temperature does not generally kill the bacteria that may be present in food, but will slow or inhibit their growth.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the health department.
IMPROPER EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Non-food contact surfaces of equipment routinely exposed to splash or food debris must be constructed to be smooth, durable, nonabsorbent and easily cleanable. Equipment that does not meet these criteria becomes difficult to clean, allowing soil, moisture, debris and disease-causing bacteria to accumulate.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

PERSONNEL
2d Poor hygienic practices
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Retail food establishments must have a Health Department approved Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan in place when vacuum packageing or when conducting other forms of modified oxygen packaging (MAP). Foods not properly processed using MAP techniques are prone to the growth of botulism. All MAP processed foods must be held refrigerated at 41oF or less until cooking or service. Shelf life of MAP foods are not to exceed 10 days.

PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.
FOOD LABELING AND PROTECTION
9b Food unprotected from contamination
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Freezing prevents microbial growth in foods, but usually does not destroy all microorganisms. Improper thawing provides an opportunity for surviving bacteria to grow to harmful numbers. If the food is then refrozen, significant numbers of bacteria may be preserved in the food.
Disease-causing organisms can contaminate and/or grow in food that is not stored properly. Drips from condensation and drafts of unfiltered air can be sources of microbial contamination for stored foods. Shoes carry contamination onto the floors of food preparation and storage areas. Raw meats and poultry can contaminate cooked and ready to eat foods if stored above these ready to eat items. Even trace amounts of refuse or wastes present in toilet rooms, rooms used for dressing, storing garbage or tools, or rooms housing machinery can become sources of food contamination.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13c Reuse of single service articles
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware are to be used once and then discarded. These items are not constructed to be durable enough to withstand repeated use and repeated washing and sanitizing.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14a Plumbing not installed/maintained
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
It is critical that all plumbing fixtures, water and sewer lines in food establishments be maintained in proper working order. Poorly maintained plumbing systems may result in potential heath hazard such as cross connections, the back up of sewage, or leakage. These conditions may directly result in the contamination of food, equipment, utensils or paper goods. They can also adversely affect the ability of food handlers to adequately wash their hands, an establishment’s warewashing operations and increase the potential for cross contamination of food and equipment and utensil.
Toilet rooms and facilities must be of sanitary design and kept clean and in good repair to help prevent contamination of food preparation areas, to motivate employees to maintain a high degree of personal hygiene and to use good sanitary practices. Doors to toilet rooms must be kept closed to help prevent the possible spread of disease-causing microorganisms by flies.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14f Personal items stored incorrectly
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Coats, handbags, shoes and other personal items that belong to employees can be a source of food, equipment and utensil contamination if not properly store. Personal items must be kept separate from food, preparation areas, warewashing areas and utensils. Lockers, coat hooks or an approved designated area is to be provided so workers can properly store their personal belongings.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
OTHER OPERATIONS
15a Personnel; unauthorized; unclean clothes; hair unrestrained
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Dirty clothing may harbor disease-causing microorganisms that are transmissible through food to people. Food workers who inadvertently touch their dirty clothing may contaminate their hands. This could result in contamination of the food being prepared. Food may also be contaminated through direct contact with dirty clothing. In addition, employees wearing dirty clothes send a negative message to consumers about the level of sanitation in the establishment. Consumers are particularly sensitive to food contaminated by hair. Hair can be both a direct and indirect vehicle of contamination. Food workers may contaminate their hands when they touch their hair. A hair restraint keeps dislodged hair from ending up in the food and may deter employees from touching their hair. Only authorized workers can be in food preparation and warewashing areas. Unauthorized individuals such as small children or friends of workers can contaminate food or food contact surfaces.

PERSONNEL
2c Hands not washed as needed
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The hands are particularly important in transmitting foodborne disease-causing organisms. Food employees with dirty hands and/or fingernails may contaminate the food being prepared. Therefore, any activity which may contaminate the hands must be followed by thorough handwashing. Even seemingly healthy employees may serve as reservoirs for disease-causing microorganisms that are transmissible through food. Staphylococci bacteria, for example, can be found on the skin and in the mouth, throat, and nose of many healthy employees. The hands of employees can be contaminated by touching their nose, mouth, hair or other body parts.
PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.

PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

IMPROPER EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Non-food contact surfaces of equipment routinely exposed to splash or food debris must be constructed to be smooth, durable, nonabsorbent and easily cleanable. Equipment that does not meet these criteria becomes difficult to clean, allowing soil, moisture, debris and disease-causing bacteria to accumulate.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14a Plumbing not installed/maintained
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
It is critical that all plumbing fixtures, water and sewer lines in food establishments be maintained in proper working order. Poorly maintained plumbing systems may result in potential heath hazard such as cross connections, the back up of sewage, or leakage. These conditions may directly result in the contamination of food, equipment, utensils or paper goods. They can also adversely affect the ability of food handlers to adequately wash their hands, an establishment’s warewashing operations and increase the potential for cross contamination of food and equipment and utensil.
Toilet rooms and facilities must be of sanitary design and kept clean and in good repair to help prevent contamination of food preparation areas, to motivate employees to maintain a high degree of personal hygiene and to use good sanitary practices. Doors to toilet rooms must be kept closed to help prevent the possible spread of disease-causing microorganisms by flies.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

PERSONNEL
2c Hands not washed as needed
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The hands are particularly important in transmitting foodborne disease-causing organisms. Food employees with dirty hands and/or fingernails may contaminate the food being prepared. Therefore, any activity which may contaminate the hands must be followed by thorough handwashing. Even seemingly healthy employees may serve as reservoirs for disease-causing microorganisms that are transmissible through food. Staphylococci bacteria, for example, can be found on the skin and in the mouth, throat, and nose of many healthy employees. The hands of employees can be contaminated by touching their nose, mouth, hair or other body parts.

FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3c Hold hot at 135 �°F or greater
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Bacterial growth is greatly reduced when food temperatures reach 120oF. It is almost completely inhibited at 140oF.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the Health Department.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3e Hold cold at 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
The rate of bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can be greatly reduced when foods are held at temperatures of less than 41oF. This cold holding temperature does not generally kill the bacteria that may be present in food, but will slow or inhibit their growth.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the health department.
PEST CONTROL
7a Evidence of insects or rodents
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Rodents such as mice and rats live in and feed on garbage and refuse. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their hair, in their feces and urine. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when rodents come into contact and contaminate food and food contact surfaces.
Flies breed in and feed on garbage, refuse and sewage. Disease-causing microorganisms are therefore often present on their body hairs and mouth parts. Microorganisms can be transmitted to people when flies land on and contaminate food and utensils.

FOOD SOURCE
1b Unwholesome; signs of spoilage
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Canned or hermetically sealed foods must be handled so as to maintain container and product integrity. Dented and damaged containers allow for the contamination of the food within the container. This contamination can result in the growth of disease-causing bacteria or spoilage of the can’s contents. Food establishments are required to inspect can goods for damage. Damaged goods are not to be used. They must be disposed of or be segregated and held in designated areas pending proper disposition.
PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
PERSONNEL
2f Training needed
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Food workers must have a basic understanding of food safety as it relates to the job or task they are doing. Dishwashers must know how the dishmachine they operate sanitizes and when they should be washing their hands. Cooks that reheat foods must know the temperature requirements for reheating. Employees who are required to cool foods must know what the temperature requirements are for cooling. The more knowledgeable the food handler is, the safer the food handling practices in the establishment should be.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3e Hold cold at 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
The rate of bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can be greatly reduced when foods are held at temperatures of less than 41oF. This cold holding temperature does not generally kill the bacteria that may be present in food, but will slow or inhibit their growth.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the health department.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
HAND WASHING & TOILET FACILITIES
6c Soap and drying devices unavailable
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Handwashing sinks must be kept clean and well stocked with hand soap and hand towels to encourage frequent use. Hot and cold water must be provided through a mixing valve so employees can properly wash their hands.
TOXIC ITEMS
8a Improperly stored
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Separation of cleaners, sanitizers and other chemicals from food, equipment and utensils helps ensure that chemical contamination does not occur. Cleaners, sanitizers and other chemicals must be stored below and away from all food, food preparation areas, warewashing areas, clean equipment and utensils, paper good and single service items.
TOXIC ITEMS
8b Improperly labeled
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The accidental contamination of food and food contact surfaces with cleaners, sanitizers or other chemicals can cause serious illness or injury. Distinct labels on chemical containers help ensure that poisonous or toxic materials are properly stored and used.
IMPROPER EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Non-food contact surfaces of equipment routinely exposed to splash or food debris must be constructed to be smooth, durable, nonabsorbent and easily cleanable. Equipment that does not meet these criteria becomes difficult to clean, allowing soil, moisture, debris and disease-causing bacteria to accumulate.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13a Utensils not provided; used/stored improperly
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
To help prevent contamination of food by workers, utensils must be provided and used to dispense food. Utensils must also be provided for use in all customer self service areas such as salad bars, buffets and for bulk food dispensing.
Utensils that are provided to dispense and serve foods must be stored and handled in a manner that protects the utensil and the food from contamination. Contaminated utensils will contaminate the foods that are being dispensed and served. To prevent possible contamination of food by utensils during pauses in preparation and dispensing , utensils must be stored:
a) in the food with the handle up out of the food,
b) in a running water dipper well,
c) in ice
water or in hot water that is above 140oF,
d) on a clean dry surface if the utensil is cleaned and sanitized once every four hours.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14a Plumbing not installed/maintained
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
It is critical that all plumbing fixtures, water and sewer lines in food establishments be maintained in proper working order. Poorly maintained plumbing systems may result in potential heath hazard such as cross connections, the back up of sewage, or leakage. These conditions may directly result in the contamination of food, equipment, utensils or paper goods. They can also adversely affect the ability of food handlers to adequately wash their hands, an establishment’s warewashing operations and increase the potential for cross contamination of food and equipment and utensil.
Toilet rooms and facilities must be of sanitary design and kept clean and in good repair to help prevent contamination of food preparation areas, to motivate employees to maintain a high degree of personal hygiene and to use good sanitary practices. Doors to toilet rooms must be kept closed to help prevent the possible spread of disease-causing microorganisms by flies.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14f Personal items stored incorrectly
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Coats, handbags, shoes and other personal items that belong to employees can be a source of food, equipment and utensil contamination if not properly store. Personal items must be kept separate from food, preparation areas, warewashing areas and utensils. Lockers, coat hooks or an approved designated area is to be provided so workers can properly store their personal belongings.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
WATER * SEWAGE * PLUMBING SYSTEMS
5b Hot & cold water inadequate
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The availability of sufficient, safe water is a basic requirement for proper sanitation within a food establishment. All water supplied to food establishments, either from public systems or private wells, must meet the requirements of the Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulations. A sufficient supply of hot water is critical for employee hand washing, washing of equipment and utensils, and general cleaning needed in all food establishments.
IMPROPER EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Non-food contact surfaces of equipment routinely exposed to splash or food debris must be constructed to be smooth, durable, nonabsorbent and easily cleanable. Equipment that does not meet these criteria becomes difficult to clean, allowing soil, moisture, debris and disease-causing bacteria to accumulate.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12a Food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Microorganisms can get into food by food handlers using dirty utensils, cutting boards, slicers, work counters and other surfaces that directly come into contact with food. Food contact surfaces must be kept clean so they are not a source of food contamination. To prevent bacteria from growing on food contact surfaces they must be cleaned and sanitzed after each use or once every four hours when used in a constant production line bases. During manual warewashing of equipment and utensils, all soaps and abrasive detergents must be rinsed from food contact surfaces so sanitzing agents can be properly applied and be effective.
IMPROPER CLEANING OF EQUIPMENT AND UTENSILS
12b Non-food contact surfaces
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The surfaces of cabinets, utensil drawers, shelves, the outsides surfaces of refrigerators, hot holding equipment and other nonfood contact surfaces must be cleaned to keep them free of accumulation of food spills, dirt and grease. The presence of food debris or dirt on nonfood contact surfaces may provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria. Workers may inadvertently transfer this contamination to food. Accumulation of food spills and food residue on nonfood contact surfaces may also be a source of food and harborage of insects, rodents, and other pest.
UTENSILS - SINGLE SERVICE ARTICLES
13b Single service articles improperly stored, dispensed, used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Single service items such as paper cups, napkins, straws, plastic “to-go” food containers and plastic tableware must be stored and dispensed in a manner that protects these items from contamination. Single service items must be stored up off the floor. Dispensers can be used to protect these items when in service. Single service items such as tableware may be prewrapped, or provided in a dispenser that presents the utensil handle to the server or consumer.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14f Personal items stored incorrectly
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Coats, handbags, shoes and other personal items that belong to employees can be a source of food, equipment and utensil contamination if not properly store. Personal items must be kept separate from food, preparation areas, warewashing areas and utensils. Lockers, coat hooks or an approved designated area is to be provided so workers can properly store their personal belongings.

PERSONNEL
2e Smoking; eating; drinking not restricted
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The use of tobacco products or eating or drinking during food preparation is prohibited. The hand to mouth contact that occurs during these activities results in the contamination of workers hands and food.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3f Food thermometer not available
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
Because food temperature control is so critical in assuring food safety all foods establishment must have and must use an accurate thermometer to check food temperatures. Food product thermometers are to be scaled 0—220oF. They must be accurate to +/-2oF. Food workers need to verify that foods are being properly cooled, that they are reheated to 165oF, that they are cooked to the required temperatures, that they are held hot above 140oF, etc. by using a thermometer.
SANITATION RINSE
4c In place
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
All equipment, utensils and food contact surfaces must be properly washed and then sanitized to minimize food contamination. Washing is the removal of food residue or soil from surfaces. Sanitization is the application of heat or chemicals on cleaned surfaces that results in a 99.999% reduction of disease-causing microorganisms. There are many different types of sanitizers that can be used in food establishments. The most common include: hot water between 165oF and 180oF, chlorine mixed at a concentration of 50 ppm, quaternary ammonia mixed at a concentration of 200 ppm, and iodine mixed at a concentration of 12.5 ppm.
Establishments will often have equipment that needs to be washed and sanitized, but is too large to fit into warewashing sinks or dishmachines, or is not designed to be submerged in water. This equipment must be washed and sanitized “in place”. Surfaces must be washed with a detergent solution to remove food residue, then rinsed free of detergents with clean water and then sanitized with an approved sanitizer.
TOXIC ITEMS
8b Improperly labeled
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The accidental contamination of food and food contact surfaces with cleaners, sanitizers or other chemicals can cause serious illness or injury. Distinct labels on chemical containers help ensure that poisonous or toxic materials are properly stored and used.
TESTING DEVICES
11c Chemical test kits not provided; inaccessible
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The temperature of the wash and rinse water is a critical factor effecting cleaning and sanitizing of equipment and utensils. It is important that warewashing machines and high-temperature three-compartment warewashing sinks are therefore equipped with accurate thermometers to measure water temperatures. Sanitzer test kits must also be provided and used by food workers to ensure that the concentration of any chemical sanitizers being used are correct. Warewashing machines are required to operate at specific water flow pressures. Water flow pressure can greatly effect how well a dishmachine will sanitize. Low water flow pressure results in inadequate spray patterns and incomplete coverage of the equipment and utensils being washed. Excessive flow pressures will atomize water droplets and again result in incomplete coverage. A pressure gauge installed on the dishmachine’s final rinse line allows workers to monitor the water flow pressure of a dishmachine.
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
14c Floors; walls; ceilings in disrepair
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Floors must be kept clean, free of any build up of food spills, dirt and refuse. The accumulation of soil on floors increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides food and harborage for rodents and insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, floors must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Floor-wall junctures must be tightly coved with concave cove base to prevent moisture and food residue from collecting in corners and along walls. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture penetrating into or through the floor.
Walls and ceilings must be kept clean and free of any build up of food spills, splash or dirt. The accumulation of soil on walls and ceilings increases the potential for contamination of food, equipment and utensils. It also provides a food source for rodents, insects, such as flies and cockroaches. To facilitate easy cleaning, walls and ceilings must be maintained and constructed to be smooth, durable, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Utilities such as water pipes, sewer lines and electrical conduit are to be enclosed within or behind finished walls and ceilings. Utility penetrations must be sealed to eliminate insect and rodent harborage and to prevent moisture from penetrating into walls and ceilings. Exposed utility lines make cleaning difficult.

FOOD SOURCE
1b Unwholesome; signs of spoilage
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Canned or hermetically sealed foods must be handled so as to maintain container and product integrity. Dented and damaged containers allow for the contamination of the food within the container. This contamination can result in the growth of disease-causing bacteria or spoilage of the can’s contents. Food establishments are required to inspect can goods for damage. Damaged goods are not to be used. They must be disposed of or be segregated and held in designated areas pending proper disposition.
PERSONNEL
2c Hands not washed as needed
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
The hands are particularly important in transmitting foodborne disease-causing organisms. Food employees with dirty hands and/or fingernails may contaminate the food being prepared. Therefore, any activity which may contaminate the hands must be followed by thorough handwashing. Even seemingly healthy employees may serve as reservoirs for disease-causing microorganisms that are transmissible through food. Staphylococci bacteria, for example, can be found on the skin and in the mouth, throat, and nose of many healthy employees. The hands of employees can be contaminated by touching their nose, mouth, hair or other body parts.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3a Rapidly cool food to 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time.
Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.Proper cooling means lowering the temperature of the food quickly enough to prevent bacterial growth. Taking too long to cool off cooked foods is a frequent cause of foodborne illness. During lengthy cooling, disease-causing bacteria may grow in potentially hazardous foods. Avoid letting food stay for long periods of time at growth-promoting temperatures for bacteria 70�° F - 120�° F. If the food isn't cooled from 140�° F to 70�° F in two hours or less, then from 70�° F to 41�° F in four hours or less, enough bacteria may grow to cause a foodborne illness.
Restaurants are required to cool food within time frames based on how fast bacteria grow if food becomes recontaminated. By meeting these cooling time expectations, disease-causing bacteria won't grow to dangerous levels even if sanitation is less than ideal.
FOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL
3e Hold cold at 41 �°F or less
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Most food poisonings are associated with foods held at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. Health Department inspections stress temperature control of potentially hazardous food.
The rate of bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, can be greatly reduced when foods are held at temperatures of less than 41oF. This cold holding temperature does not generally kill the bacteria that may be present in food, but will slow or inhibit their growth.
Bacterial growth and possible toxin production by some bacteria, will occur in potentially hazardous foods that remain at temperatures between 41oF and 140oF for extended periods of time. If a food is held “off” temperature (between 41oF and 140oF) for only a short time, no significant bacterial growth or toxin production should occur. When time is used to control bacterial growth, potentially hazardous foods can be held off temperature for only four hours or less. After this time any food product that has not been served must be discarded. Operations that use time as a control must develop a plan that outlines food handling procedures, identifies when a food item is removed from temperature control and when it is to be disposed of. This plan must be approved by the health department.
TOXIC ITEMS
8c Improperly used
PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Failure to use cleaners, sanitizers, and other chemicals properly can be very dangerous. Directions listed on container labels must be followed correctly. Failure to follow stated instructions could result in injury to workers or customers. Sanitizers must be used at the proper concentrations: Chlorine 50 ppm, Quaternary Ammonia 200 ppm, and Iodine 12.5 ppm. High levels of sanitizers or soaps can leave harmful residues.

1 User Review:

Christopher Ling

Added on Jan 16, 2015 12:36 AM

Visited on Jan 13, 2015 12:00 PM

Food:

Service:

Price:

Ambience:

Cleanliness:

First, let me start out by saying that the food is pretty good, namely the pizza. I usually go for a slice of cheese and a slice of white, with two slices being a filling meal. As for the restaurant itself, it's about par for the course when you think of a small pizza place, or maybe a little lacking. The front area where you place your order can be very cramped, depending on how busy they are. Service was fairly quick. Overall, I'd recommend checking them out for their food, but not so much if you plan on dining in.

Would you recommend ANTHONY'S PIZZA & PASTA to others? Yes

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Takes reservations:

Yes No

Accepts credit cards:

Yes No

Parking:

Garage Private Lot Street Valet Validated

Attire:

Casual Dress Business Casual Jacket Preferred Jacket Required Jacket and Tie Required Formal Attire

Good for groups:

Yes No

Good for kids:

Yes No

Delivery:

Yes No

Take-out:

Yes No

Waiter service:

Yes No

Outdoor seating:

Yes No

Wi-Fi:

Yes No

Good for:

Breakfast Brunch Lunch Dessert Dinner Late Night

Alcohol:

Beer & Wine Only Full Bar Happy Hour

Noise level:

Quiet Average Loud

Ambience:

Casual Classy Dive-y Hipster Intimate Romantic Touristy Trendy Upscale

Has TV:

Yes No

Caters:

Yes No

Wheelchair accessible:

Yes No

Live music:

Yes No

Scenic view:

Yes No

Gluten-free friendly:

Yes No

Vegan friendly:

Yes No

Cuisines:

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