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The official warmest in the UK is 23.9C in somewhere like Brighton. The London Weather Centre recorded 24.0C in August 1990 though.
I'd rather reference the Brighton station. The LWC is located on a rooftop with a tarmac ground...which often distorts temperature readings, especially night-time lows. This has the effect of exaggerating London's UHI. I'm surprised the Met Office still uses it when there are other central London stations they can use - they could upgrade the St. James Park station, for instance.
Adelaide .............. 33.9°C
Albury ................. 25.8°C
Alice Springs ........ 32.8°C (Current Airport site) , 33.9°C (former town site)
Brisbane .............. 28.0°C
Broken Hill ........... 33.2°C
Broome ............... 31.7°C
Canberra ............. 26.0°C
Cairns ................. 29.4°C
Coffs Harbour ....... 26.7°C
Darwin ................ 29.7°C (current Airport site) , 30.7°C (former town site)
Geraldton ............ 32.2°C
Gold Coast .......... 25.7°C
Hobart ............... 24.7°C (current town site) , 25.6°C (Risdon, 6km north of current town site)
Karlgoorlie ........... 30.8°C
Melbourne ........... 30.6°C
Mildura ............... 30.9°C (current Airport site) , 35.6°C (former town site)
Newcastle ........... 26.0°C (Nobbys Head) , 26.9°C (Williamtown Airport)
Perth ................. 29.3°C
Port Hedland ........ 32.0°C
Sunshine Coast .... 26.5°C
Sydney ............... 27.6°C
Townsville ........... 30.6°C
Wagga Wagga ...... 30.6°C
This makes for some painful reading...presumably most of these 'lows' were recorded just before sunrise, so when people when to bed earlier in the night it was still around 35C or so for many of these locations. Just imagine if your air-conditioning breaks down at night during one of these episodes, say in Adelaide...!
For Corvallis, OR the highest ever night time low temperature was a suspect 78 (25.6) on July 16, 1911. The next highest was a 74 (23.3) the day before. My own personal experience was a night time low of 73 (23) on July 22, 2006 as recorded at the official NWS station at Hyslop Field north of town. The thermometer never fell below 76 (24.5) at my house. I also recall it got up to 103 (not quite 40) at the NWS weather station that day - and 102 at my place. It also rained most of the day which made it memorable in terms of personal discomfort. How folks in Houston or New Delhi put up with that <bad word> for three to six months at a time I can't imagine.
Other places where I spent a great deal of time or lived in include:
Salem, OR; 74 on July 22, 2006
Albany, OR; 69 (20.6) on July 17, 1941 (records only went to 1963; low temperature in 1981 was probably higher)
Bellingham, WA; 64 (17.8) on August 11, 1981 (it got up to 111 (43.9) at my house in Albany that same day)
McNary, AZ; 69 on September 3, 1937
Berkeley, CA; 74 on June 24, 1976
Truckee, CA; 65 (18.3) on August 1, 1918.
and New York City....84 (28.9) several times, most recently July 22, 2011.
The highest night time minimum temperature I could find anywhere was a disgusting 107 (41.7) at Death Valley on July 12, 2012. That was only one degree lower than Corvallis' official absolute maximum.
Record for Paris-Orly is 23.5°C/74.3°F on August 11th, 2003. For Paris-Montsouris (downtown station), it's 25.5°C/77.9°F on both August 11th and 12th, 2003. For Paris centre I guess it would be around 27°C/81°F.
I lived in the very centre back then and it was quite uncomfortable. The average high the week before was 101°F, so there was a lot of heat trapped in the buildings. I wasn't that interested in weather and didn't like summer in the city back then, so my suffering was completely pointless.
Btw it was still 31.1°C/88°F at 1 am at the airport, so the betime temp even out in the suburbs was hot. The following night was muggier, with 29°C/84.2°F and a 21°C/70°F dewpoint (humidex 37C/99F) at 1 am at Orly airport.
For France, the hottest night I believe was recorded in Menton, just east of Monaco with a 30.3°C/86.5°F low on August 6th, 2003.
To my surprise, the night I spent near Needles, CA wasn't much hotter than the 2003 heatwave in Paris, but with dewpoints below 0°C it was probably more comfortable (there was AC anyway).
This was a so interesting question that I had to email the Finnish Met Institute and ask.
The all time high low is 24.2C/76F, recorded twice, in August 2003 and July 1925.
The locations which recorded them are a bit surprising. The 1925 recording is from Kajaani at 64N, one of the coldest locations in Finland outside Lapland, and the one from 2003 from a military observation post in the Gulf of Finland.
But now I know!
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