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Interesting that no writer in the New Testament used "Yahweh" or "Elohim."
Interesting also that the Greek Hebrew translators who translated Hebrew into the Greek (giving us the Septuaging) never brought "Yahweh" nor "Elohim" into their translation.
In my personal prayers I almost always address God as Yahweh, I don't think He is irked if I use the term "God."
Yes, indeed!
After the Babylonian Captivity and exposure to later Persian ideas, the Jews adopted the superstitious idea that the pronounciation of one's name held great power and control: you could invoke a spirit, deity or creature and then control it. The possibility of blasphemy was also on their minds. It was this influence (and a strange reading of a verse in the Torah) that caused the Jews to cease pronouncing the name of Yahweh, and instead - substituting the Hebrew word of "Lord", instead: Adonai. Technically, it should be just "Adon", as "Adonai" means "My Lord".
It's interesting to read some of the Dead Sea Scrolls and encountering the name of Yahweh: the normal text is written in the then-standard aramaic Hebrew script, but whenever Yahweh occurs the scribe uses paleo-Hebrew. This was probably to remind readers to pronounce "Adonai" in it's place.
Later, the Masoretes inserted the vowel-points for "Adonai" into "YHWH" and this would remind readers to pronounce it as "Adonai" again.
So - by the 1st Century Ad, virtually nobody was using God's name anymore, but rather the above-mentioned term. You correctly mention the LXX's non-usage of the terms. The Septuagint can be seen to engage in this: "Yahweh" gets "Kyrios", and "Elohim" gets "Theos". This Septuagint is the "Scripture" referred to in the Letter to Timothy ("All Scripture is inspired of God," etc..) and used by many Greek-speaking Jews in the 1st Century AD. In English we translate the terms as Lord (Kyrios) and God (Theos). Usually, to show that the translation is substituting "Lord" for "Yahweh", the printing will have "LORD" in all-caps (well, the "L" is in all-caps, and "ORD" is in smaller all-caps). So whenever you see "the LORD" in translation, it just means "Yahweh".
So yeh - it's unfortunate that the name had fallen out of favor by the time of Jesus, and this is reflected in the Greek New Testament. It uses the standard Greek terms that were popular at the time. A faint glimmer of the old terms are found in Jesus' words on the cross, when he speaks in Aramaic and refers to God as "Eli" ("my God") - there was no prohibition against saying 'El among Aramaic/Syriac and Hebrew speakers. Yahweh's prounciation was prohibited, however. The Greek New Testament comes to us in Greek, of course, so we are then two-times removed from the original terms.
I guess, in the end, it's up to every individual as to how they address Yahweh. Personally, from the numerous references in the Hebrew Bible claiming that his name should be known by all the world, I tend to think that he wishes it to be used. But times have changed, and old habits die out hard. Some people still use "Jehovah" simply because it is supposedly easier for an English speaker to pronounce. Bah!
There is NO "J" in Hebrew (hence no jesus nor Jahovah). In a Torah scroll in the Hebrew (the original real deal) you will never be able to find ONE "god" nor "lord" as they were injected into the English writings and have NO Place in the Torah. This is of course what Messiah and the Talmadim (apostles) taught from. Their reference to the mere word god would have stemmed from their communicating with others that had many gods so they would understand that Elohim was the ONE TRUE God of Avraham, Itzchak and Ya'acov. Indeed prayers would be best addressing HIM as the best pronunciation of YHVH you could muster up. Better to try to get it right then botching it entirely. In the Torah HIS name is "4" letters Yod Hey Vav (or waw) Hey. I prefer to pronounce it "Yahveh" but we won't argue over that small detail.
Genesis 22:18 And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.
Genesis 26:4 And I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed;
Daniel 9:25 25Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.
Luke 19:38-44
38Saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory in the highest.
39And some of the Pharisees from among the multitude said unto him, Master, rebuke thy disciples.
40And he answered and said unto them, I tell you that, if these should hold their peace, the stones would immediately cry out.
41And when he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it,
42Saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.
43For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,
44And shall lay thee even with the ground, and thy children within thee; and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon another; because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation.
Romans 11:25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.
Zechariah 12:9-14
9And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem.
10And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn.
11In that day shall there be a great mourning in Jerusalem, as the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon.
12And the land shall mourn, every family apart; the family of the house of David apart, and their wives apart; the family of the house of Nathan apart, and their wives apart;
13The family of the house of Levi apart, and their wives apart; the family of Shimei apart, and their wives apart;
14All the families that remain, every family apart, and their wives apart.
Revelation 1:7-8
Behold, he cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see him, and they also which pierced him: and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of him. Even so, Amen.
8I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty.
Matthew 23:39 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate. For I say unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.
Acts 15
13And after they had held their peace, James answered, saying, Men and brethren, hearken unto me:
14Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the Gentiles, to take out of them a people for his name.
15And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written,
16After this I will return, and will build again the tabernacle of David, which is fallen down; and I will build again the ruins thereof, and I will set it up:
17That the residue of men might seek after the Lord, and all the Gentiles, upon whom my name is called, saith the Lord, who doeth all these things.
All nations would be blessed through Abraham with the unconditional covenant.
Focus shifted to Gentiles after not receiving Messiah
Focus will shift back to Israel when the "fullness of Gentiles" come in
Israel will recognize their Messiah
He comes back to cast out ALL usurping Spirits.
A good motivation for proclaiming the Greek texts as corrupt would be to deny the Gentile's in God's program for redemption.
There is evidence that the Greek texts are indeed inspired not some corruption. A great reason for using Greek instead of Hebrew would be the fact that the focus was on the Gentile nations in the Church dispensation and the precision of Greek language to express God's message.
John 1:17 For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.
Galatians 3:12-14 12And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them.
13Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
14That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.
Isaiah 42
1Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles.
2He shall not cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street.
3A bruised reed shall he not break, and the smoking flax shall he not quench: he shall bring forth judgment unto truth.
4He shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment in the earth: and the isles shall wait for his law.
5Thus saith God the LORD, he that created the heavens, and stretched them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which cometh out of it; he that giveth breath unto the people upon it, and spirit to them that walk therein:
6I the LORD have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles;
7To open the blind eyes, to bring out the prisoners from the prison, and them that sit in darkness out of the prison house.
8I am the LORD: that is my name: and my glory will I not give to another, neither my praise to graven images.
There is NO "J" in Hebrew (hence no jesus nor Jahovah). In a Torah scroll in the Hebrew (the original real deal) you will never be able to find ONE "god" nor "lord" as they were injected into the English writings and have NO Place in the Torah. This is of course what Messiah and the Talmadim (apostles) taught from. Their reference to the mere word god would have stemmed from their communicating with others that had many gods so they would understand that Elohim was the ONE TRUE God of Avraham, Itzchak and Ya'acov. Indeed prayers would be best addressing HIM as the best pronunciation of YHVH you could muster up. Better to try to get it right then botching it entirely. In the Torah HIS name is "4" letters Yod Hey Vav (or waw) Hey. I prefer to pronounce it "Yahveh" but we won't argue over that small detail.
Yes - that whole letter "j" thing has caused no end of confusion concerning personal names from the Bible. Most people are surprised when they see the actual form of the names they have become accustomed to reading differently. Transliteration (the representation of one written script's letters in another) is a subject that I think all readers of the Bible should study, at least briefly, to get an idea of how words were pronounced. Or - pick up a decent translation. One translation that really strives to bring out the Hebrew nuances (whether in names, rhythm or word-plays) is the Schocken Bible, Everett Fox's translation of TheFive Books of Moses. I frequently use that translation when citing scripture from the Torah. It also retains the use of Yahweh, albeit by just putting the consonants (to avoid offending those who still feel the name shouldn't be pronounced): YHWH,
An example that may surprise some, concerning Jacob, Esau and Isaac:
Yitzhak said to his son:
How did you find it so hastily, my son?
He said: Indeed, YHWH, your God made it happen for me.
Yitzhak said to Yaakov:
Pray come closer, that I may feel you, my son,
whether you are really my son Esav or not.
(Genesis 27:20-21, SB)
Whether a "v" belongs at the end of "Esav" or not is another matter, I suppose.
Genesis 22:18 And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.
Genesis 26:4 And I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed;
Daniel 9:25 25Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.
Luke 19:38-44
38Saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory in the highest.
39And some of the Pharisees from among the multitude said unto him, Master, rebuke thy disciples.
40And he answered and said unto them, I tell you that, if these should hold their peace, the stones would immediately cry out.
41And when he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it,
42Saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.
43For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,
44And shall lay thee even with the ground, and thy children within thee; and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon another; because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation.
Romans 11:25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.
Zechariah 12:9-14
9And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem.
10And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn.
11In that day shall there be a great mourning in Jerusalem, as the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon.
12And the land shall mourn, every family apart; the family of the house of David apart, and their wives apart; the family of the house of Nathan apart, and their wives apart;
13The family of the house of Levi apart, and their wives apart; the family of Shimei apart, and their wives apart;
14All the families that remain, every family apart, and their wives apart.
Revelation 1:7-8
Behold, he cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see him, and they also which pierced him: and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of him. Even so, Amen.
8I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty.
Matthew 23:39 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate. For I say unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.
Acts 15
13And after they had held their peace, James answered, saying, Men and brethren, hearken unto me:
14Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the Gentiles, to take out of them a people for his name.
15And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written,
16After this I will return, and will build again the tabernacle of David, which is fallen down; and I will build again the ruins thereof, and I will set it up:
17That the residue of men might seek after the Lord, and all the Gentiles, upon whom my name is called, saith the Lord, who doeth all these things.
All nations would be blessed through Abraham with the unconditional covenant.
Focus shifted to Gentiles after not receiving Messiah
Focus will shift back to Israel when the "fullness of Gentiles" come in
Israel will recognize their Messiah
He comes back to cast out ALL usurping Spirits.
A good motivation for proclaiming the Greek texts as corrupt would be to deny the Gentile's in God's program for redemption.
There is evidence that the Greek texts are indeed inspired not some corruption. A great reason for using Greek instead of Hebrew would be the fact that the focus was on the Gentile nations in the Church dispensation and the precision of Greek language to express God's message.
John 1:17 For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.
Galatians 3:12-14 12And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them.
13Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
14That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.
Isaiah 42
1Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles.
2He shall not cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street.
3A bruised reed shall he not break, and the smoking flax shall he not quench: he shall bring forth judgment unto truth.
4He shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment in the earth: and the isles shall wait for his law.
5Thus saith God the LORD, he that created the heavens, and stretched them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which cometh out of it; he that giveth breath unto the people upon it, and spirit to them that walk therein:
6I the LORD have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles;
7To open the blind eyes, to bring out the prisoners from the prison, and them that sit in darkness out of the prison house.
8I am the LORD: that is my name: and my glory will I not give to another, neither my praise to graven images.
The Gentiles are grafted into Israel...Not the other way around...
Yes - that whole letter "j" thing has caused no end of confusion concerning personal names from the Bible. Most people are surprised when they see the actual form of the names they have become accustomed to reading differently. Transliteration (the representation of one written script's letters in another) is a subject that I think all readers of the Bible should study, at least briefly, to get an idea of how words were pronounced. Or - pick up a decent translation. One translation that really strives to bring out the Hebrew nuances (whether in names, rhythm or word-plays) is the Schocken Bible, Everett Fox's translation of TheFive Books of Moses. I frequently use that translation when citing scripture from the Torah. It also retains the use of Yahweh, albeit by just putting the consonants (to avoid offending those who still feel the name shouldn't be pronounced): YHWH,
An example that may surprise some, concerning Jacob, Esau and Isaac:
Yitzhak said to his son:
How did you find it so hastily, my son?
He said: Indeed, YHWH, your God made it happen for me.
Yitzhak said to Yaakov:
Pray come closer, that I may feel you, my son,
whether you are really my son Esav or not.
(Genesis 27:20-21, SB)
Whether a "v" belongs at the end of "Esav" or not is another matter, I suppose.
J was at one time pronounced a y in the english language...Just look at German...
That was a much, much later mystical explanation of the name that has no basis in ancient usage. A product of the Medieval mystics, and interesting - but nothing more, I'm afraid. The only reason such a mystical idea arose, is because of the afore-mentioned superstitious reverence that prevented the Jews from uttering the name in late Biblical times.
J was at one time pronounced a y in the english language...Just look at German...
Yes, that's why in Source Criticism the term "The J Source" is used. Technically, it means "The Yahwist Source", but since German writes "j" for what we would pronounce "y", it became not "The Y Source", but "The J Source" - since it is from German scholars that the theory came from.
The name was pronounced by some as "Yahveh" in the last century, until they realized that the "v" sound for the Hebrew letter "w" is a modern pronounciation. Biblical Hebrew's letter "waw" (w) is commonly labelled as "vav" in Modern Hebrew.
Old English is pretty fun to try to read heh heh! Check out this video of the Prologue from Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, read in Middle English with the words on the screen at the same time.
The Gentiles are grafted into Israel...Not the other way around...
Romans 11
1I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
2God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel saying,
3Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.
4But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.
5Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
6And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then it is no more grace: otherwise work is no more work.
7What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded.
8(According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear unto this day.
9And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them:
10Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.
11I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy.
12Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness?
13For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office:
14If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them.
15For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?
16For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches.
17And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert grafted in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree;
18Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.
19Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be grafted in.
20Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear:
21For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee.
22Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off.
23 And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be grafted in: for God is able to graft them in again.
24For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert grafted contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree?
25For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.
26And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:
27For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.
28As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the father's sakes.
29For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.
30For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief:
31Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy.
32For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.
33O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!
34For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?
35Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again?
36For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen.
Acts 15:7-11
7And when there had been much disputing, Peter rose up, and said unto them, Men and brethren, ye know how that a good while ago God made choice among us, that the Gentiles by my mouth should hear the word of the gospel, and believe.
8And God, which knoweth the hearts, bare them witness, giving them the Holy Ghost, even as he did unto us;
9And put no difference between us and them, purifying their hearts by faith.
10Now therefore why tempt ye God, to put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?
11But we believe that through the grace of the LORD Jesus Christ we shall be saved, even as they.
Sorry Richard it's the OTHER way around. Jews need to receive the Spirit of Grace through Faith like the Gentiles. It's exactly what Peter says in Acts 15:11
But we believe that through the grace of the LORD Jesus Christ we shall be saved, even as they. Acts 15:11
To say Gentiles need to become Jews before becoming Christians is EXACTLY the error of the Galatians in which Paul rebuked.
first of all NOT many good Yahudim followed the Kabbalah, which is mysticism at it's best so the 72 letter deal is pretty null and void for authenticity. 2nd the following was taught and encouraged by Yahushua the Messiah and was perhaps at best for Israel. But don't exclude the Gentiles if they were set apart. They were set apart IF and only IF they grafted into Israel. Othewise they would remain OUTSIDE of the Camp which would also mean outside the covenant. There is NO such thing as a Gentile Israelite. Once they graft in they are ONE with Israel and are NO LONGER a Gentile and are expected to fully comply with all that Israel followed (which would be the Torah and the Moadim (set apart times of YHVH) and NOT the church. The following apply completely to Israel.
Hos 2:16 “And it shall be, in that day,” declares יהוה, “that you call Me ‘My Husband,’ and no longer call Me ‘My Ba῾al.’
Hos 2:17 “And I shall remove the names of the Ba῾als from her mouth, and they shall no more be remembered by their name.
Joel 2:32 “And it shall be that everyone who calls on the Name of יהוה shall be delivered.
Zech 8:23 “Thus said יהוה of hosts, ‘In those days ten men from all languages of the nations take hold, yea, they shall take hold of the tzitziot of a man, a Yehuḏite, saying, “Let us go with you, for we have heard that Elohim is with you.” ’ ”
Matt 5:17 “Do not think that I came to destroy the Torah or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to complete.
Matt 5:18 “For truly, I say to you, till the heaven and the earth pass away, one jot or one tittle shall by no means pass from the Torah till all be done.
Matt 5:19 “Whoever, then, breaks one of the least of these commandments, and teaches men so, shall be called least in the reign of the heavens; but whoever does and teaches them, he shall be called great in the reign of the heavens.
John 5:24 “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who hears My word and believes in Him who sent Me possesses everlasting life, and does not come into judgment, but has passed from death into life.
Heb 10:28 Anyone who has disregarded the Torah of Mosheh dies without compassion on the witness of two or three witnesses.
Rev 22:14 “Blessed are those doing His commandments, so that the authority shall be theirs unto the tree of life, and to enter through the gates into the city.
All of the following applies to ISRAEL, those native born AND grafted in. If you're NOT Israel please disregard....you have NO covenant with YHVH. Sorry.
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