Early Gen-Xer here (which is close enough).
Before I start, I’ll get the school administrative and legal aspects of a bullied student’s self-defense out of the way.
Some state statutes, like Texas but I’m sure others as well,
do have a self-defense exception. Texas. SB 179, Enacted 2017
Quote:
https://locker.txssc.txstate.edu/394...2a9/SB-179.pdf
(c) The board of trustees of each school district shall adopt a policy, including any necessary procedures, concerning bullying that:
(7)prohibits the imposition of a disciplinary measure on a student who, after an investigation, is found to be a victim of bullying, on the basis of that student’s use of reasonable self-defense in response to the bullying;
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Fight back works ONLY if the bullied person both (a) actually can fight well enough to at least make the bully’s victory physically costly, and (b) high enough social pecking order status to gain sympathy from the larger student body even if he or she loses the fight (IOW, even if the bully wins, the social blowback goes to the bully, not to the target).
If the bullied lacks one and even more so both advantages, then fighting back will yield only limited improvements
at best.
First,
many kids and even immature adults see fighting ability as a necessary precondition for respect-worthiness, no doubt due to their kneejerk distaste for weakness from the most primitive parts of their reptilian brainstem (which even mammals have). This means even if a really poor fighter does fight back and loses decisively, no matter how spiritedly he or she physically confronts the bully, the social penalties for losing the fight still remain – which only makes the situation worse.
Second, even if the bullied person does win the fight, if the student is somehow a square peg or otherwise deemed distastefully different, the bullied student will still have to confront half the student body (often literally half, if not more) to teach the whole school a lesson. The student body will still say and think “Yeah, you may have won the fight, but you’re still a _______!” That means the bully has more social clout, status, prestige, etc. than the bullied – even if the bullied one can kick his or her tail.So the bully can more easily find social support than the bullied, simply find a stronger person to protect him or her from the bullied student. This clearly can easily demoralize bullied student anyway. Why fight back if you are going to get such limited results at best?
Result: We do need stricter anti-bullying conduct codes and even laws, not to mention swift and certain enforcement of them, but this without changing the student (and even adult) cultural attitude creates a neverending treadmill: strict rules and their enforcement, but without social penalties attached to the bullying toward the square pegs, misfits, “weirdoes”, “wimps”, “socially clueless”, etc., let alone strong stigma about those kinds of acts and attitudes. So to achieve a truly steep and sustainable drop in bullying, you need to change the culture - and legislation and formal rules can only do so much to change that.