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Originally Posted by Three Wolves In Snow
What observations? A bird's beak? That doesn't prove that a species "evolved" into another species.
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Actually, it does.
Part of the problem is the widely held erroneous belief that species cannot interbreed.
There was also a widely held erroneous belief that if species interbreed, the off-spring are sterile.
We now have an avalanche of evidence that disproves both. Species can and do interbreed, and while it is true that sometimes the off-spring cannot reproduce, more often than not they can reproduce.
And bird beaks are proof of evolution.
The gene that governs formation of beak mutates. Why? Doesn't matter. Could be a natural mutation, which are very infrequent. It's just garbled DNA. It could be an internal coerced mutation. A glacier erodes rock high up in a mountain exposing Uranium, Chromium or Mercury or something else. The metals erode out into a stream and end up in the birds food or water supply and cause a mutation. Tar pools. Tar pools were everywhere in California, south central US, all of the Middle East. Tars, bitumen, oils all seep to the surface. They're carcinogenic. They cause mutations. Or it could have been natural background radiation. A gamma ray, x-ray, neutron or proton. Maybe from an X-Class Solar Flare.
So, this mutant bird with its mutant beak, which may be shorter, longer, wider, narrower, thicker, thinner and combination of those or even duck-billed or spoon-billed is running around squawking and flapping its wings.
Now the process of Natural Selection begins.
Maybe the mutation caused the beak to be longer and narrower. Because it is, the mutant bird can dig deeper in the ground to worms and insects other birds can't get, so it survives good times and bad times and reproduces.
Now its off-spring has that mutant gene and next thing you know there's a whole flock of mutant birds flying around.
That's Evolution.
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Originally Posted by Three Wolves In Snow
The birds weren't cats before, they've always been birds.
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That would be silly. Birds evolved from dinosaurs.
Ever seen people with extra webbing between their fingers? It looks weird. They look like ducks.
Well, it's like that.
One of those small reptiles running up and down trees eating insects mutated to have webbing between its forelimbs. It reproduces, the mutant gene is passed to the off-spring and the next thing you know there are hundreds of them running around. They start gliding tree-to-tree like flying squirrels and additional mutations over time result in the evolution of wings.
We now know that many early reptiles had hair, and that hair evolved into feathers.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Three Wolves In Snow
Please point out where we have seen one species turn into another species?
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We just witnessed the evolution of a reptile, actually, a lizard I think it was.
And contrary to what you believe, Evolution is happening right now before your very eyes.
There's a family group in South America, I don't know the specific country, but they all have six fingers.
No, I didn't stutter: six fingers.
There are 7 Billion people on Earth now. Just eye-balling it, it would take a few 100 Billion years before that mutation spread through the entire human population and every human had six fingers.
But, had that mutation occurred a Million years ago when there were maybe 40 humans on Earth, that mutation would have spread in just a few generations and we would all have six fingers.